Psychiatric Aspects of Pediatric Cancer

Kurtz, Brian P.; Abrams, Annah N.

doi:10.1016/j.chc.2010.01.009

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…About 12–14,000 children will be diagnosed in a given year with any type of cancer (Kurtz 2010, Cancer Statistics 2010). Over the past fifty years, treatments and cure rates have improved from 10–20% to between 80–85% five year survival rates currently (Askins 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common pediatric malignancies are leukemia (28%), specifically acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (21%), and Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors (18%). Other tumor types include germ cell tumors (7%), Hodgkin lymphoma (7%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (6%), neuroblastoma (5%), acute myeloid leukemia (5%), Wilms tumor (4%), osteosarcoma (3%), rhabdomyosarcoma (3%), thyroid carcinoma (3%), melanoma (3%), retinoblastoma (2%), and Ewing sarcoma (1%) (Kurtz 2010). CNS prophylaxis treatment and multidrug regimens are considered to be responsible for the remarkable improved success rate in treatments of childhood cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Updates in paediatric psycho-oncology

Mavrides

Pao

2014

International Review of Psychiatry

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Childhood cancer accounts for less than 2% of all cancers diagnosed each year. About 12–14,000 children will be diagnosed in a given year with any type of cancer. Over the past fifty years, treatments and cure rates have improved from 10–20% five year survival rates to between 80–85% five year survival rates. Psychosocial support of children with cancer and their families has grown and has been more fully integrated into pediatric care over the past five decades. Increasing acceptance of the importance of addressing mental health has led to oncologists referring patients to specific resources and services. This paper provides updated information on psychosocial issues for those who treat children and adolescents with cancer and focuses on unique challenges for the pediatric psycho-oncologist.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updates in paediatric psycho-oncology

Mavrides

Pao

2014

International Review of Psychiatry

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“…In particular, we observed that lower cognitive functioning was associated with higher ADI-R social and communication domain scores, and after adjustment for cognitive functioning, there were no significant differences between BDNF+/− and BDNF+/+ subjects for any ADI-R domain. Early childhood illness with conditions such as Wilms tumour (which occurred in 61% of our cohort) might also contribute to higher “ever” scores when parents are interviewed about their children’s behaviour as toddlers and preschoolers (Kurtz and Abrams, 2010). Furthermore, the degree of visual impairment in many individuals with WAGR syndrome rendered some of the ADI-R questions difficult to answer and precluded administration of the ADOS for more severely impaired subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) haploinsufficiency with lower adaptive behaviour and reduced cognitive functioning in WAGR/11p13 deletion syndrome

Han

Thurm

Williams

et al. 2013

Cortex

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In animal studies, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulator of central nervous system development and synaptic plasticity. WAGR (Wilms tumour, Aniridia, Genitourinary anomalies, and mental Retardation) syndrome is caused by 11p13 deletions of variable size near the BDNF locus and can serve as a model for studying human BDNF haploinsufficiency (+/−). We hypothesized that BDNF+/− would be associated with more severe cognitive impairment in subjects with WAGR syndrome. Twenty-eight subjects with WAGR syndrome (6–28y), 12 subjects with isolated aniridia due to PAX6 mutations/microdeletions (7–54y), and 20 healthy controls (4–32y) received neurocognitive assessments. Deletion boundaries for the subjects in the WAGR group were determined by high resolution oligonucleotide array comparative genomic hybridization. Within the WAGR group, BDNF+/− subjects (n=15), compared with BDNF intact (+/+) subjects (n=13), had lower adaptive behaviour (p=.02), reduced cognitive functioning (p=.04), higher levels of reported historical (p=.02) and current (p=.02) social impairment, and higher percentage meeting cut-off score for autism (p=.047) on Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. These differences remained nominally significant after adjusting for visual acuity. Using diagnostic measures and clinical judgment, 3 subjects (2 BDNF+/− and 1 BDNF+/+) in the WAGR group (10.7%) were classified with autism spectrum disorder. A comparison group of visually impaired subjects with isolated aniridia had cognitive functioning comparable to that of healthy controls. In summary, among subjects with WAGR syndrome, BDNF+/− subjects had a mean Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Compose score that was 14 points lower and a mean IQ that was 20 points lower than BDNF+/+ subjects. Our findings support the hypothesis that BDNF plays an important role in human neurocognitive development.

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“…Studies have shown that children diagnosed with cancer and who are hospitalised during periods of critical growth are at higher risk of displaying loss of developmental steps, [37] whilst adolescent have been shown to suffer a reduction in independence and critical social skills. Furthermore, physical changes resulting from conventional cancer treatment, has demonstrated to negatively impact on endocrine function, with a general delay in puberty and impaired mental development.…”

Section: Paediatric Oncology Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health as a clinical hallmark of cancer

2015

Integr Mol Med

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A diagnosis of cancer bears a tremendous psychological impact on a patient's psyche. It is common for individuals diagnosed with cancer to develop anger, anxiety and/or depression during the first year of the disease. However, the moderate rate of major depressive disorder and the high rate of minor depressive disorder are accompanied by sub-threshold forms of depression that are at risk to be under-recognised and untreated.

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Psychiatric Aspects of Pediatric Cancer

Cited by 39 publications

References 143 publications

Updates in paediatric psycho-oncology

Updates in paediatric psycho-oncology

Association of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) haploinsufficiency with lower adaptive behaviour and reduced cognitive functioning in WAGR/11p13 deletion syndrome

Mental health as a clinical hallmark of cancer

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