Psychiatric Aspects of Impulsivity

Moeller, F. Gerard; Barratt, Ernest S.; Dougherty, Donald M.; Schmitz, Joy M.; Swann, Alan C.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.11.1783

Cited by 2,198 publications

(1,667 citation statements)

References 115 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

1,527

Contrasting

Unclassified

102

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, decreasing 5-HT levels did not increase impulsive choice. These data provide direct preclinical evidence for the hypothesis that impulsivity is a nonunitary concept, which is not underpinned by a single neurobiological mechanism (Evenden, 1999;Moeller et al, 2001). In support of this suggestion, little correlation has been found between different measures of impulsivity in normal human volunteers (McDonald et al, 2003), and although clinical studies often use the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) as an overall measure of 'trait impulsivity', factor analysis reveals that the items within this scale cluster into three independent factors (Patton et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Given the diversity of behavior that the term impulsivity appears to cover, it may be questioned as to what extent impulsivity is a unitary construct, as distinct from a term used to classify a variety of phenomena that may have independent underlying biological mechanisms (Evenden, 1999;Moeller et al, 2001). Through fractionating impulsivity into its different aspects, it is possible to devise operant behavioral tasks to measure these various forms of impulsive behavior in laboratory animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fractionating Impulsivity: Contrasting Effects of Central 5-HT Depletion on Different Measures of Impulsive Behavior

Winstanley

Dalley

Theobald

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

343

280

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reducing levels of 5-HT in the central nervous system has been associated with increases in impulsive behavior. However, the impulsivity construct describes a wide range of behaviors, including the inability to withhold a response, intolerance to delay of reward and perseveration of a nonrewarded response. Although these behaviors are generally studied using instrumental paradigms, impulsivity may also be reflected in simple Pavlovian tasks such as autoshaping and conditioned activity. This experiment aimed to characterize further the effects of central 5-HT depletion and to investigate whether different behavioral measures of impulsivity are inter-related, thus validating the construct. Rats received intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusions of vehicle (n ¼ 10) or the serotonergic neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (n ¼ 12) which depleted forebrain 5-HT levels by about 90%. Lesioned animals showed significant increases in the speed and number of responses made in autoshaping, increased premature responding on a simple visual attentional task, enhanced expression of locomotor activity conditioned to food presentation, yet no change in impulsive choice was observed, as measured by a delay-discounting paradigm. Significant positive correlations were found between responses made in autoshaping and the level of conditioned activity, indicating a possible common basis for these behaviors, yet no correlations were found between other behavioral measures. These data strengthen and extend the hypothesis that 5-HT depletion increases certain types of impulsive responding. However, not all measures of impulsivity appear to be uniformly affected by 5-HT depletion, or correlate with each other, supporting the suggestion that impulsivity is not a unitary construct.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionating Impulsivity: Contrasting Effects of Central 5-HT Depletion on Different Measures of Impulsive Behavior

Winstanley

Dalley

Theobald

et al. 2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

343

280

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since INA phase magazine entry results in a mild form of punishment in terms of a temporal delay in the onset of the CS-UCS sequence, NVHL effects on increasing the proportions of INA phase approaches, while reducing proportions of CS phase approaches, may model aspects of clinical constructs of impulsivity. Numerous studies have linked behavioral trait markers of impulsivity with SUDS in primary SUD patient populations (Bickel et al 1999;McGrue et al 2001;Petry 2001), psychiatric populations with SUD comorbidity (Anthony and Helzer 1991;Dervaux et al 2001;Moeller et al 2001) and periadolescent age groups with developmental-age vulnerability to addictions (Chambers et al 2003;Ernst etal. 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural reward-related learning in rats with neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions and prior cocaine exposure

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rational-Psychostimulant injections in rats have been shown to alter future performance in natural reward conditioning. These effects may represent a persistent impact of drugs on neurocircuits that interface cognitive and motivational processes, which may be further altered in neuropsychiatric conditions that entail increased addiction vulnerability.Objective-This study investigated whether a rat model of schizophrenia with cocaine addiction vulnerability shows altered natural reward conditioning with or without prior cocaine exposure.Methods-Adult rats with SHAM or neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions were given cocaine (15 mg/kg per day for 5 days) or saline injections, followed 7 days later by natural reward-conditioned learning. Over ten daily sessions, water-restricted rats were assessed for durations of head entries into a magazine during random water presentations, a conditioning stimulus phase predictive of the water reward, and an "inappropriate" phase when conditioning stimuli were absent and reward presentation would be delayed.Results-Over repeated sessions, lesioned and SHAM rats showed similar reductions in total magazine entry durations, with similar increases in the allocations of entry times during the water presentation. However, lesioned rats, especially those exposed to cocaine, demonstrated reduced allocations of magazine entry times during the conditioning stimulus phase, and increased allocations during the inappropriate phase.Conclusions-Intact natural reward motivation accompanied by deficient learning of complex contingencies to guide efficient reward approach may represent a form of impulsivity as an addiction vulnerability trait marker in an animal model of schizophrenia.

show abstract

“…Impulsivity, an important factor influencing the risk for addiction, encompasses several clinically relevant components including a diminished ability to inhibit inappropriate behaviors, tendency to act without forethought, and relative insensitivity to behavioral consequences (Kreek et al, 2005, Moeller et al, 2001). Although impulsivity is associated with smoking in adults (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral impulsivity predicts treatment outcome in a smoking cessation program for adolescent smokers

Krishnan‐Sarin¹,

Reynolds²,

Duhig³

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

405

328

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-To examine the relationship between impulsivity and smoking cessation treatment response among adolescents.Methods-Thirty adolescent smokers participated in a high school based smoking cessation program combining contingency management and cognitive behavioral therapy. Self-report (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11); Kirby Delay Discounting Measure (DDM)) and behavioral (Experiential Discounting Task (EDT); Continuous Performance Task (CPT)) measures of impulsivity were assessed at treatment onset.Results-Sixteen participants (53%) were abstinent from smoking at completion of the four-week study. Compared to abstinent adolescents, those not achieving abstinence discounted monetary rewards more on the EDT and committed more commission errors on the CPT. Group differences were not observed on the BIS-11 or DDM.Conclusions-These preliminary results suggest that specific behavioral measures of impulsivity may be associated with the ability to initiate and/or maintain abstinence from smoking among adolescent smokers.

show abstract

Psychiatric Aspects of Impulsivity

Cited by 2,198 publications

References 115 publications

Fractionating Impulsivity: Contrasting Effects of Central 5-HT Depletion on Different Measures of Impulsive Behavior

Fractionating Impulsivity: Contrasting Effects of Central 5-HT Depletion on Different Measures of Impulsive Behavior

Natural reward-related learning in rats with neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions and prior cocaine exposure

Behavioral impulsivity predicts treatment outcome in a smoking cessation program for adolescent smokers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About