Psychiatric Aspects of Alcohol Intoxication, Withdrawal, and Organic Brain Syndromes

Gallant, Donald M.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4028-7_12

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Die Differentialdiagnose zwischen alkoholinduzierten und schizophrenen Psychosen ist nicht nur unter wissenschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten, sondern auch aus therapeutischen Gründen wichtig: während in der Regel bei beiden Krankheitsbildern eine Akutbehandlung mit Neuroleptika indiziert ist (88,162), gibt es nach dem Abklingen der Symptomatik bei Patienten mit Alkoholhalluzinose keinen Grund fiir eine Fortsetzung der neuroleptischen Therapie, da hier zumindest bei weiterer Abstinenz die Prognose gut ist. Trotzdem werden irrtümlich als schizophren diagnostizierte Patienten mit Alkoholhalluzinose häufig und unnötigerweise dauerhaft mit Neuroleptika behandelt (248).…”

Section: Differentialdiagnostische Kriterienunclassified

“…In vielen Fällen wird initialoffenbleiben müssen, ob bei Schizophrenen mit Substanzmißbrauch eine akut aufgetretene Psychose drogen-oder alkoholinduziert oder doch Ausdruck der Grunderkrankung ist. Der Einsatz von Neuroleptika bei organischen Halluzinosen (53), speziell auch bei der Alkoholhalluzinose, wird, von wenigen Autoren abgesehen (127), bevorzugt (88,162). Die Senkung der Krampfschwelle durch Neuroleptika bei Alkoholabhängigen stellte dabei im eigenen Patientengut kein größeres Problem dar: Unter 104 mit Neuroleptika, darunter in 78 Fällen Haloperidol als Monotherapie behandelten Patienten mit Alkoholhalluzinose konnte kein einziger Krampfanfall beobachtet werden (240), so daß man auch bei alkoholkranken Schizophrenen mit psychotischen Symptomen zu einer neuroleptischen Therapie tendieren wird, vorzugsweise mit hochpotenten Neuroleptika.…”

Section: Therapie Alkoholinduzierter Psychischer Störungenunclassified

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Sucht und Schizophrenie - Nosologische, klinische und therapeutische Fragestellungen

Soyka¹

1994

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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The scientific discussion on the interrelationship of "alcoholism and psychosis" has been dominated by nosological problems for years. Alcohol hallucinosis, a comparatively rare psychosis in chronic alcoholism, can mimic the symptomatology of paranoid schizophrenia. The clinical features (vivid acoustic hallucinations and fear) are often inconclusive, as, unlike other organic psychoses, alcohol hallucinosis does not entail clouding of sensorium and disorientation. On the one hand follow-up studies suggest that alcohol hallucinosis in some cases can take a chronic schizophrenia-like course. Especially in these cases differential diagnosis between both conditions can be difficult. On the other hand a number of recent clinical studies suggest high prevalence rates for substance and esp. alcohol abuse and dependence in schizophrenics. Different approaches account for limitations in comparing the results. In most of the studies prevalence estimates for alcohol abuse and dependence range from 12-43%. In some highly selected clinical populations even higher prevalence estimates have been reported. Epidemiological studies such as the "Epidemiological Catchment Area Study" equally are in support of an appr. 4-fold increased risk for alcoholism in schizophrenics. Schizophrenics with alcohol abuse differ from non-abusing schizophrenics in a variety of clinical symptoms and features. With respect to psychopathological symptomatology schizophrenics with an additional alcohol abuse or dependence show more "positive", psychotic and less "negative" symptoms. Some findings suggest that in comparison with other schizophrenics, dual diagnosis schizophrenics may be superior in terms of a better premorbid functioning. However, during course of illness higher (re-) hospitalization rates and higher rates of suicide attempts have been reported; likewise, aggressivity and delinquency have been encountered. In this review clinical and diagnostic questions concerning the interrelationship between alcoholism and schizophrenic psychosis are discussed and some principles of psychopharmacotherapy in dual diagnosis schizophrenics are outlined.

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Section: Differentialdiagnostische Kriterienunclassified

Section: Therapie Alkoholinduzierter Psychischer Störungenunclassified

Sucht und Schizophrenie - Nosologische, klinische und therapeutische Fragestellungen

Soyka¹

1994

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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“…Alcoholics assessed as having anxiety disorders tend to have more severe withdrawal symptoms [53,54], and the anxiolytics have been found useful in treating withdrawal [55,56]. Alcoholics assessed as having anxiety disorders tend to have more severe withdrawal symptoms [53,54], and the anxiolytics have been found useful in treating withdrawal [55,56].…”

Section: Attitude and Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have examined the effect of anxiety on alcoholic withdrawal symptoms. Alcoholics assessed as having anxiety disorders tend to have more severe withdrawal symptoms [53,54], and the anxiolytics have been found useful in treating withdrawal [55,56]. However, investigations of the association of anxiety with hangover are scarce in ° the literature.…”

Section: Attitude and Moodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcoholic hangover and performance: a review

Lemon

1993

Drug and Alcohol Review

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The study of alcoholic hangover is reviewed, with particular concern given to its effects upon skills performance. Different models of hangover, and the evidence gathered in their support, are surveyed. Several factors appear to contribute to hangover, and individuals may be differentially susceptible to these influences. The severity of hangover is affected by dose, coproducts of manufacture, and a number of psychological variables. Hangover is differentiated from post-intoxication effects on performance, and the results of a variety of studies on these effects are considered. Post-intoxication effects have been found in a variety of tasks, but no tasks have been consistently affected in a number of studies. This may reflect the fact that few studies have used the same tasks to assess performance. Proposed mechanisms of post-intoxication effects are considered, and the most consistent symptom accompanying impaired performance is found to be fatigue. This notion finds some support in electroencephalographic data collected during the period following intoxication.

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Naloxonbehandlung der Alkoholvergiftung — Aspekte zur biologischen Theorie des Alkoholismus

Schenk¹

1985

Suchtproblematik

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Psychiatric Aspects of Alcohol Intoxication, Withdrawal, and Organic Brain Syndromes

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Sucht und Schizophrenie - Nosologische, klinische und therapeutische Fragestellungen

Sucht und Schizophrenie - Nosologische, klinische und therapeutische Fragestellungen

Alcoholic hangover and performance: a review

Naloxonbehandlung der Alkoholvergiftung — Aspekte zur biologischen Theorie des Alkoholismus

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