Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Children with Epilepsy: an ILAE Task Force Report

Besag, Frank; Aldenkamp, Albert P.; Caplan, Rochelle; Dunn, David W.; Gobbi, Giuseppe; Sillanpää, Matti

doi:10.1684/epd.2016.0809

Cited by 92 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…ADHD has proven to be very common in children with epilepsy. Reports estimate that 30% of children with epilepsy may meet criteria for ADHD, with some reports suggesting prevalence up to 80% (70)(71)(72). Both epilepsy and ADHD have problematic effects upon quality of life.…”

Section: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy: How big of a problem is it?

Salpekar

Mula

2019

Epilepsy & Behavior

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Psychiatric illness and epilepsy commonly co-occur in adults and in children and adolescents. Theories of comorbidity are complex, but recurring associations between the conditions suggest overlap that is more than simple co-occurrence. Common underlying pathophysiology may imply that epilepsy itself may constituently include psychiatric symptoms. Conditions such as depression or cognitive difficulties commonly occur and in some cases, are considered to be associated with specific epilepsy characteristics such as localization or seizure type. Regardless of etiologic attributions to psychiatric comorbidity, it is clear today that treatment for epilepsy needs to target psychiatric illness. In many cases, quality-of-life improvements depend more upon addressing psychiatric symptoms than seizures themselves.

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Section: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy: How big of a problem is it?

Salpekar

Mula

2019

Epilepsy & Behavior

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“…Interestingly, in WAG/Rij rats and CAE, behaviour and epilepsy could share common mechanisms [9,30,54]. Up to now, (see above) several drugs have been tested in this experimental model.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore, this issue should be clarified in future studies. Interestingly, neuropsychiatric comorbidities can also occur in childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) that in the past was wrongly considered as a benign form of epilepsy [53][54][55]. Despite the underlying mechanisms involved in neuropsychiatric comorbidity in CAE remain still to be uncovered, it has been suggested that the same mechanisms leading to network abnormalities can also play a key role in the neuropsychiatric comorbidities onset in these patients [30].…”

Section: Wag/rij Rats and Neuropsychiatric Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

WAG/Rij rat model: a resource for the pharmacology of epileptogenesis and related neurological/psychiatric comorbidities

Leo

Nesci

et al. 2019

Neurosci Res Notes

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The discovery of potential antiseizure drugs (ASDs) requires the use of experimental models that can also provide a unique chance for identifying new effective molecules able to prevent and/or cure epilepsy. Most of the preclinical knowledge on epileptogenesis derives from studies performed on post-insult models that are characterized by a recognizable first insult, a silent period lasting until the onset of the first seizure and a chronic period characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs). At odds, genetic models, in which the first insult remains to be identified, have been poorly investigated. Among the genetic models, the WAG/Rij rat was validated as a suitable experimental model of absence epileptogenesis with neuropsychiatric symptomatology, in which, according to our previous hypothesis on SRSs onset, genes could be considered the first ‘insult’ underlying all plastic modifications supporting the occurrences of absence seizures in this strain. In fact, in several genetic models, the initial insult could be described as the mutation leading to epilepsy that, to date, remains to be defined in this strain. The silent period ends at the occurrence of the first SRS, which is approximately at 2-3 months of age in these rats and after that time the chronic phase initiates, in which, absence seizures increase over time underlying likely further epileptogenic processes. In this review, we describe both the features of this experimental model and the effects of several pharmacological treatments against epileptogenesis and its related comorbidities including depressive-like symptoms and cognitive decline.

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“…A retrospective study of 14 LKS children [21] has revealed that the 57% cases evidenced attentional or other behavioral problems, 5057% having deficits in auditory working memory and verbal memory. Academically, the majority had poor reading fluency and comprehension, and 50% exhibited difficulty with mathematics.…”

Section: Lks and Behavioral Disturbances/ Cognitive Impairmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landau Kleffner Syndrome: An Unusual Case With Progressive Ataxia Prior To Language Regression And Autistic-Like Behaviors

Chen¹,

Yang²,

Ning³

et al. 2019

Neuropsychiatry

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To report a case with Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) presenting with unusual clinical features. Methods The clinical features of the case including clinical manifestations, serial electroencephalography (EEG) outcomes, neuroimaging findings, neuropsychological outcomes, interventional approaches and long-term follow-up outcomes, were analyzed. Results This previously normal girl (3y10m), presented with progressive ataxia as an onset symptom, ensued with cognitive impairments and language regressions (characterized by verbal auditory agnosia and expressive aphasia), and autistic-like behaviors. She had no evidence of clinical seizures, with normal brain and spine MRI scans, intact auditory exams and normal brain auditory evoked potential, although the sleep-activated inter-ictal epileptiform discharges of EEG were revealed. The patient showed gradual resolution of symptoms with long-term high-dose steroids plus intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) regimens, in consistence with the gradual improvement of the outcomes of serial EEGs. She recovered and returned to normal kindergarten 1y1m after the onset of the disease, consistent with the normal EEG results. Her full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ) was 71 score, with verbal IQ 66 and performance IQ 81 respectively, tested at the time of 1y3m after the onset. The long-term prognosis of the case was good as she had good academic performance and was a monitor of the class at the time of her long-term follow-up of 5y8m after the onset. Conclusion LKS is heterogeneity entity, especially for those with the atypical onset such as ataxia, as well as absence of clinical seizures. The combination of long-term high-dose steroid plus IVIG regimens may be especially effective in LKS.

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Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Children with Epilepsy: an ILAE Task Force Report

Cited by 92 publications

References 45 publications

Common psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy: How big of a problem is it?

Common psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy: How big of a problem is it?

WAG/Rij rat model: a resource for the pharmacology of epileptogenesis and related neurological/psychiatric comorbidities

Landau Kleffner Syndrome: An Unusual Case With Progressive Ataxia Prior To Language Regression And Autistic-Like Behaviors

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