Psychedelics and hypnosis: Commonalities and therapeutic implications

Lemercier, Clément E.; Terhune, Devin Blair

doi:10.1177/0269881118780714

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(221 reference statements)

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“…The latter approach will be especially beneficial when coupled with the measurement of a wide interval range in order to establish the cognitive and perceptual bases for the repeated observation that distorted timing under psychedelics is restricted to suprasecond intervals (Wittmann et al 2007). The aim to understand distorted timing in response to psychedelics will further benefit from integrating research on psychedelics with that on germane phenomena known to modulate awareness and time perception (Berkovich-Ohana and Wittmann 2017; Lemercier and Terhune 2018; Noreika et al 2014; Yin et al 2016). Repeated measurement of interval timing at multiple time points post-dosage will allow for greater insights into whether and how timing changes during different hypothesised phases of LSD (Marona-Lewicka and Nichols 2007; Marona-Lewicka et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of microdose LSD on time perception: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Yanakieva

Polychroni

Family³

et al. 2018

Psychopharmacology

104

134

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Rationale Previous research demonstrating that lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) produces alterations in time perception has implications for its impact on conscious states and a range of psychological functions that necessitate precise interval timing. However, interpretation of this research is hindered by methodological limitations and an inability to dissociate direct neurochemical effects on interval timing from indirect effects attributable to altered states of consciousness. Methods We conducted a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study contrasting oral administration of placebo with three microdoses of LSD (5, 10, and 20 μg) in older adults. Subjective drug effects were regularly recorded and interval timing was assessed using a temporal reproduction task spanning subsecond and suprasecond intervals. Results LSD conditions were not associated with any robust changes in self-report indices of perception, mentation, or concentration. LSD reliably produced over-reproduction of temporal intervals of 2000 ms and longer with these effects most pronounced in the 10 μg dose condition. Hierarchical regression analyses indicated that LSD-mediated over-reproduction was independent of marginal differences in self-reported drug effects across conditions. Conclusions These results suggest that microdose LSD produces temporal dilation of suprasecond intervals in the absence of subjective alterations of consciousness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of microdose LSD on time perception: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Yanakieva

Polychroni

Family³

et al. 2018

Psychopharmacology

104

134

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“…That is to say, these states of consciousness are not viewed as comprising an intra-individual profile of states, as warranted in a person-oriented approach (Bergman, Vargha, & Kövi, 2017), and as will be advanced in this paper. This, however, does not detract from some recent papers looking at these states of consciousness in tandem (e.g., Carhart-Harris et al, 2014;Lemercier & Terhune, 2018;Millière et al, 2018). One focus of such reviews is to report on the prevalence of these states; another is to report on personality traits predisposing for such experiences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Occurrence of Four States of Consciousness as a Function of Trait Absorption

Glicksohn¹

2019

JPOR

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Four states of consciousness are considered here: the hypnagogic state (the transitional state between waking and sleeping); the hypnopompic state (the transitional state between sleeping and waking); lucid dreaming (insight to the fact that one is currently dreaming); and the out-of-the-body experience (perceiving the world from a location outside the physical body). There are different patterns of occurrence of experience with these states of consciousness, and the present data set deriving from a cross-sectional study (a convenience sample comprising 251 participants who had completed a battery of questionnaires, as reported in Glicksohn & Barrett, 2003), enables one to plot these configurations. There are two contrasting positions on the relationship that trait Absorption will bear on the pattern of occurrence of these different profiles of subjective experience, or configuration of profiles of states. One is that higher Absorption will entail more differentiation among these states of consciousness; the other is that higher Absorption will entail less differentiation among these states. Both positions find support in the present data set: higher Absorption entails more differentiation as one moves from those respondents scoring slightly lower than the median to those scoring slightly higher than the median on Absorption, whereas very high Absorption entails less differentiation relative to very low Absorption.

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“…Similarly, Edward Baker mentions fitting patients with Posey vests as part of his typical protocol 91 . These practices are in stark contrast to modern standards in which patient psychological state and session environment (so‐called “set and setting”) are considered to be of primary importance in conducting safe and effective treatment sessions 3,79,122,124,149,150 …”

Section: Case Series and Reports Of Psychedelic Therapy For Functionamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…120 Similarly, a 2010 meta-analysis of "drug interviews" (predominantly utilizing sedative-hypnotics) for conversion disorder found suggestibility to be a positive predictor of recovery. 90 It bears mentioning that, like psychedelics, hypnosis 121,122 and sedative-hypnotics 123 have been shown to have a suppressive effect on within-network functional connectivity of the DMN.…”

Section: Suggestibility and Bayesian Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…91 These practices are in stark contrast to modern standards in which patient psychological state and session environment (so-called "set and setting") are considered to be of primary importance in conducting safe and effective treatment sessions. 3,79,122,124,149,150 While the relative lack of details in many of these studies makes it difficult to draw conclusions from their results, there are at least four reports from the pre-prohibition literature which clearly describe functional neurological symptoms being treated with psychedelic agents and are described below. Though not a FND per se, a fifth case of psychogenic urinary urgency treated with LSD is of relevance and is included in Appendix A.…”

Section: A S E S Erie S and Rep Orts Of Psychedelic Ther Apy For mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychedelic‐assisted therapy for functional neurological disorders: A theoretical framework and review of prior reports

Stewart

Dean

Koek

et al. 2020

Pharmacology Res & Perspec

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Functional neurological disorders (FNDs), which are sometimes also referred to as psychogenic neurological disorders or conversion disorder, are common disabling neuropsychiatric disorders with limited treatment options. FNDs can present with sensory and/or motor symptoms, and, though they may mimic other neurological conditions, they are thought to occur via mechanisms other than those related to identifiable structural neuropathology and, in many cases, appear to be triggered and sustained by recognizable psychological factors. There is intriguing preliminary evidence to support the use of psychedelic‐assisted therapy in a growing number of psychiatric illnesses, including FNDs. We review the theoretical arguments for and against exploring psychedelic‐assisted therapy as a treatment for FNDs. We also provide an in‐depth discussion of prior published cases detailing the use of psychedelics for psychosomatic conditions, analyzing therapeutic outcomes from a contemporary neuroscientific vantage as informed by several recent neuroimaging studies on psychedelics and FNDs.

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Psychedelics and hypnosis: Commonalities and therapeutic implications

Abstract: Harnessing the power of suggestion to modulate response to psychedelics could enhance their therapeutic efficacy by helping to increase the likelihood of positive responses, including mystical-type experiences.

Cited by 20 publications

References 133 publications

The effects of microdose LSD on time perception: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

The effects of microdose LSD on time perception: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Patterns of Occurrence of Four States of Consciousness as a Function of Trait Absorption

Psychedelic‐assisted therapy for functional neurological disorders: A theoretical framework and review of prior reports

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