Psyche, Signals and Systems

Anastassiou, Costas A.; Shai, Adam S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28802-4_9

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…This study highlights the importance of evaluating the effects of VNS on functional connectivity, which measures the degree to which regions or networks interact with each other. It is widely recognized that brain functions emerge from coordination among regions [ 56 ]. However, prior studies address the effects of VNS in focal and target regions [ 57 ], whereas the effects of VNS on functional connectivity is perhaps more functionally relevant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal nerve stimulation triggers widespread responses and alters large-scale functional connectivity in the rat brain

Cao

Powley

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a therapy for epilepsy and depression. However, its efficacy varies and its mechanism remains unclear. Prior studies have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to map brain activations with VNS in human brains, but have reported inconsistent findings. The source of inconsistency is likely attributable to the complex temporal characteristics of VNS-evoked fMRI responses that cannot be fully explained by simplified response models in the conventional model-based analysis for activation mapping. To address this issue, we acquired 7-Tesla blood oxygenation level dependent fMRI data from anesthetized Sprague–Dawley rats receiving electrical stimulation at the left cervical vagus nerve. Using spatially independent component analysis, we identified 20 functional brain networks and detected the network-wise activations with VNS in a data-driven manner. Our results showed that VNS activated 15 out of 20 brain networks, and the activated regions covered >76% of the brain volume. The time course of the evoked response was complex and distinct across regions and networks. In addition, VNS altered the strengths and patterns of correlations among brain networks relative to those in the resting state. The most notable changes in network-network interactions were related to the limbic system. Together, such profound and widespread effects of VNS may underlie its unique potential for a wide range of therapeutics to relieve central or peripheral conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal nerve stimulation triggers widespread responses and alters large-scale functional connectivity in the rat brain

Cao

Powley

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Larkum et al [19,20]suggested that the BAC firing mechanism implements coincidence detection between bottom-up sensory stream and top-down context modulation. Other studies made even stronger claims implicating bursts to be involved, via BAC firing, with conscious perception [61], visual illusions [62] and attentional modulation of activity [63]. In view of our findings of two types of bursts, these effects could be reexamined, and the impact of dendritic inhibition of L5 pyramidal neurons on such high-level processing explored.…”

Section: Implications Of Burst Control On Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Burst control: Synaptic conditions for burst generation in cortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons

Leleo

Segev

2021

PLoS Comput Biol

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The output of neocortical layer 5 pyramidal cells (L5PCs) is expressed by a train of single spikes with intermittent bursts of multiple spikes at high frequencies. The bursts are the result of nonlinear dendritic properties, including Na+, Ca2+, and NMDA spikes, that interact with the ~10,000 synapses impinging on the neuron’s dendrites. Output spike bursts are thought to implement key dendritic computations, such as coincidence detection of bottom-up inputs (arriving mostly at the basal tree) and top-down inputs (arriving mostly at the apical tree). In this study we used a detailed nonlinear model of L5PC receiving excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to explore the conditions for generating bursts and for modulating their properties. We established the excitatory input conditions on the basal versus the apical tree that favor burst and show that there are two distinct types of bursts. Bursts consisting of 3 or more spikes firing at < 200 Hz, which are generated by stronger excitatory input to the basal versus the apical tree, and bursts of ~2-spikes at ~250 Hz, generated by prominent apical tuft excitation. Localized and well-timed dendritic inhibition on the apical tree differentially modulates Na+, Ca2+, and NMDA spikes and, consequently, finely controls the burst output. Finally, we explored the implications of different burst classes and respective dendritic inhibition for regulating synaptic plasticity.

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“…Larkum et al (2009; 2013) suggested that the BAC firing mechanism implements coincidence detection between bottom-up sensory stream and top-down context modulation. Other studies made even stronger claims implicating bursts to be involved, via BAC firing, with conscious perception (Anastassiou and Shai 2016), visual illusions (Bachmann 2015) and attentional modulation of activity (Anderson, Mitchell, and Reynolds 2011). In view of our findings of two types of bursts, these effects could be reexamined, and the impact of dendritic inhibition of L5 pyramidal neurons on such high- level processing explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burst Control

Leleo¹,

Segev²

2021

Preprint

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The output of neocortical layer 5 pyramidal cells (L5PCs) is expressed by a train of single spikes with intermittent bursts of multiple spikes at high frequencies. The bursts are the result of nonlinear dendritic properties, including Na+, Ca2+, and NMDA spikes, that interact with the ~10,000 synapses impinging on the neuron′s dendrites. Output spike bursts are thought to implement key dendritic computations, such as coincidence detection of bottom–up inputs (arriving mostly at the basal tree) and top–down inputs (arriving mostly at the apical tree). In this study we used a detailed nonlinear model of L5PC receiving excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs to explore the conditions for generating bursts and for modulating their properties. We established the excitatory input conditions on the basal versus the apical tree that favor burst and show that there are two distinct types of bursts. Bursts consisting of 3 or more spikes firing at < 200 Hz, which are generated by stronger excitatory input to the basal versus the apical tree, and bursts of ~2–spikes at ~250 Hz, generated by prominent apical tuft excitation. Localized and well–timed dendritic inhibition on the apical tree differentially modulates Na+, Ca2+, and NMDA spikes and, consequently, finely controls the burst output. Finally, we explored the implications of different burst classes and respective dendritic inhibition for regulating synaptic plasticity.

show abstract

Psyche, Signals and Systems

Cited by 8 publications

References 157 publications

Vagal nerve stimulation triggers widespread responses and alters large-scale functional connectivity in the rat brain

Vagal nerve stimulation triggers widespread responses and alters large-scale functional connectivity in the rat brain

Burst control: Synaptic conditions for burst generation in cortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons

Burst Control

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