Psittacine birds

Harcourt–Brown, Nigel H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-3598-1.50011-4

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…There are three clinical grades to classify pododermatitis: grade I is characterized by mild and localized lesions that often affect only a single digit, and the patient remains asymptomatic or with mild lameness and hyperthermia to the touch; in grade II, the infections are more extensive, with bacterial infiltration causing increase in temperature and volume by means of serous exudate-lameness is more evident, with affected animals lying down or favoring the uninjured limb; in grade III, the intense involvement provokes pain and high local temperature-the patient cannot use the limb because of intensifying discomfort and, if the condition is not treated correctly, the condition can lead to death. 7,8 This veterinary case study was authorized by the Institute Argonauta/Sabina Zoo, including consent to use the data for scientific purposes (►Supplementary File 1, available online only), and reported using criteria established in the homeopathic clinical case reporting (HOM-CASE) guidelines. 9 The evolution of these cases was documented photographically.…”

Section: Methods/patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeopathic Treatment of Pododermatitis in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus)

et al. 2020

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Background Problems with the feet are common in penguins, with a particular predisposition to pododermatitis. This condition usually occurs due to the changes in normal activity that result from being held captive, but its precise pathogenesis is still undetermined. Methods/Patients This veterinary case study reports the use of oral homeopathic treatment on acute and chronic pododermatitis in five Magellanic penguins in a zoological park setting. During treatment, the patients remained in the penguins' living area, and the effect of the treatment on the progression of their lesions was assessed visually once weekly. The treatment consisted of a combination of Arnica montana and Calcarea carbonica. Results After treatment, the appearance of the lesions had noticeably improved: in the majority of penguins there was no longer evidence of infection or edema in the feet. The rate of recovery depended on the initial severity of the lesion. Those penguins that still showed signs of infection nevertheless exhibited a clear diminution of the size and thickness of the lesions. Homeopathic treatment did not cause any side effects. Conclusion Homeopathy offers a useful treatment option for pododermatitis in captive penguins, with easy administration and without side effects.

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Section: Methods/patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homeopathic Treatment of Pododermatitis in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus)

et al. 2020

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“…Despite lack of effects of dietary carotenoids on normal feather coloration, chronic malnutrition can induce aberrant feather pigmentation (Koski, ). Moreover, a typical indication of malnutrition, or even a period of impaired health, includes the presence of stress marks–horizontal, linear defects across the vane–at the feathers (Harcourt‐Brown, ). It has been demonstrated that carotenoid content of the diet has an impact on avian oil droplets, located in retinal cones (Knott et al., ).…”

Section: Ethological Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diet of adult psittacids: veterinarian and ethological approaches

Péron

Grosset²

2013

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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SummaryParrots species are kept as pets because of their colours, their vocal abilities, their longevity and also their behaviours. Nevertheless, many owners do not know how to feed their bird in a healthy way and sometimes veterinarians and ethologists are confronted to dramatic situations. Diet is a key factor to prevent and reduce health and psychogenic disorders. Imbalance can lead to physical, physiological and behavioural modifications that can weaken the owner-bird relationship, cause bird discomfort and sometimes threaten its survival. Psittacids are known for their complex cognitive and communicative abilities. They are social animals and need many interactions. Kept in captivity, they could suffer from boredom because of lack of stimulations and also because of lack of possibility to explore and to forage, which could represent up to 70% of their day time in the wild. Indeed, humans control every parameter in the environment of pet psittacids. They provide a highly digestible diet. In captivity, foraging is not mandatory, and the bird can get bored. Here, we present a review of the literature regarding the quality of the diet and health disorders on one hand and the interaction between foraging opportunities and psychogenic disorders in adult psittacids on the other hand.

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“…Bumblefoot is an inflammatory pododermatitis of the undersides of the feet that can be associated with prolonged standing on hard surfaces and lack of exercise in raptors and some other bird species. [15][16][17] It can progress in advanced cases to deep ulceration, tendon damage and oesteomyelitis. [15][16][17] At 8 weeks post presentation we elected to treat one eye at a time in an attempt to slow the progression of this condition, in the expectation the bird would move around more when partially sighted.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[15][16][17] It can progress in advanced cases to deep ulceration, tendon damage and oesteomyelitis. [15][16][17] At 8 weeks post presentation we elected to treat one eye at a time in an attempt to slow the progression of this condition, in the expectation the bird would move around more when partially sighted. The left eye was kept open and conjunctival flaps were repeated in the right eye.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of bilateral corneal ulceration in a Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) using 360 degree conjunctival flaps

Fj¹,

Jh²

2005

Australian Vet J

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A wild Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) was presented with extensive bilateral fluorescein positive corneal damage. Local therapy and bilateral tarsorrhaphies resulted in slow improvement over 5 weeks. When bilateral 360 degree conjunctival flaps were used subsequently, healing proceeded more rapidly over the next 8 weeks. Although bulbar conjunctival flaps have been reported as difficult in birds due to their small size and relatively immobile bulbar conjunctiva, 360 degree conjunctival flaps made from palpebral rather than bulbar conjunctiva were found to be technically feasible in a larger bird species such as the Peregrine Falcon.

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Psittacine birds

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Homeopathic Treatment of Pododermatitis in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus)

Homeopathic Treatment of Pododermatitis in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus)

The diet of adult psittacids: veterinarian and ethological approaches

Treatment of bilateral corneal ulceration in a Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) using 360 degree conjunctival flaps

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