Pseudoseizures

Liske, E.; Forster, Francis M.

doi:10.1212/wnl.14.1.41

Cited by 83 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…We excluded the following patients: those with fewer than three seizures, those with any seizures due to drug or alcohol withdrawal, those with any pseudoseizures (Liske and Forster, 1964), children under three years of age at the time of the last visit and those with febrile seizures. Chi-square statistical tests for comparison of proportions and linear trends across the groups were used on various study variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Aspects of Sleep Epilepsy

Young¹,

Blume²,

Wells³

et al. 1985

Can. j. neurol. sci.

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ABSTRACT:A review of patients with epilepsy showed that 5.9% had seizures exclusively in sleep (ES) and 4.7% had seizures predominantly but not exclusively in sleep (PS). These groups were compared with a group (W) with seizures mainly in wakefulness. The following significant differences were obtained: 1) generalized convulsions predominated in the ES while partial seizures were more common among PS and W patients, 2) seizures occurred less frequently in the ES group, and 3) more W patients had EEGs with generalized epileptiform activity and positive family histories for epilepsy.We suggest the lower frequency of seizures in the ES group and the declining prevalence of sleep epilepsy are due to: 1) the high proportion of generalized as opposed to partial seizures in sleep and 2) more effective control of generalized seizures compared to partial seizures by modern anti-epileptic drug management. RESUME: Aspects differentiels de I'epilepsie du sommeil Une revision de nos patients epileptiques a montrd que 5.9% font des crises uniquement lors du sommeil (ES) et qu'un autre 4.7% font des crises de fa?on predominante, mais non exclusive, lors du sommeil (PS). Ces patients furent compares a un groupe (W) chez qui les crises ne sont qu'a l'eveil. Nous observons les differences significatives suivantes: (1) les convulsions generalisees predominent ches les ES alors que les crises partielles sont plus frequentes chez les sujets PS et W; (2) les convulsions sont moins frequentes dans le groupe ES; (3) plus de patients W avaient des EEG avec une activite epileptiforme generalised et une histoire familiale d'6pilepsie positive.Nous suggerons que la frequence plus basse des crises dans le groupe ES et la prevalence a la baisse d'6pilepsie du sommeil sont dues: 1) a la proportion plus elev£e de crises generalisees que partielles lors du sommeil et 2) au meilleur controle des crises gdneralisees par les traitements anti-epileptiques modernes.Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1985: 12:317-320 "Sleep epilepsy" and "nocturnal epilepsy" are terms applied to seizure disorders in which the attacks occur only or predominantly during sleep. Most authors have considered sleep epilepsy as a single entity, contrasting it to seizures occurring on awakening or occurring randomly in the wake-sleep cycle.We examined two groups of patients with sleep epilepsythose with seizures occurring only during sleep and a group with seizures predominantly but not exclusively during sleep -to determine how they differed from each other and from a group with seizures mainly in wakefulness. METHODSWe searched our files of patients who were followed in epilepsy clinics at the University Hospitals in London, Ontario and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan for those with seizures exclusively in sleep (ES group) and for those with attacks predominantly but not exclusively in sleep (PS group). To obtain a comparable group of patients with attacks mainly in wakefulness (W group) we selected 71 patients in alphabetical order, from the remainder. Because patients with seizures only in...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Aspects of Sleep Epilepsy

Young¹,

Blume²,

Wells³

et al. 1985

Can. j. neurol. sci.

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“…Several authors suggest the existence of a "typical" profile of a patient with pseudoseizures, characterized by an overrepresentation of female patients, low intelligence, an underlying hysterical personality disorder, and sexual maladjustment (151,152). More recently, it has been suggested that there is no standard psychological profile that will distinguish a patient with pseudoseizures, because many patients with chronic epilepsy can demonstrate many of the previously mentioned personality and behavioral disturbances (153,154).…”

Section: Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral, Psychotic, and Anxiety Disorders in Epilepsy: Etiology, Clinical Features, and Therapeutic Implications

1999

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Summary: This chapter deals with some aspects of psychiatric disturbances in people with epilepsy. Because depression and its treatment are extensively described later in this issue, they are not discussed here. The same pertains to forced normalization. Key Words: Epilepsy-Anxiety-PsychosisDepress ion-Qua1 i ty of 1 i fe-Ps e u do s ei zure s-A n t idepressants-Antipsychotics-Antiepileptic drugs.Although most people with epilepsy lead a normal emotional and cognitive life, neurobehavioral problems can be found in a large number of patients. Higher rates of psychopathology are observed in people with epilepsy relative to the general population (1,2), to other neurologic control groups (3), and to people with chronic nonneurologic disorders (1,4). In particular, increased psychopathology is more common in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) than in generalized epilepsy (5). Nevertheless, many issues remain highly controversial, owing in part to several methodologic problems, such as the nosographic approach, the sample examined, the type of control groups, the comparison among nonhomogeneous forms of epilepsy, and the different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs).Psychiatric disturbances can be related either to involvement of brain structures (biologic pathogenesis) or to the chronic characteristics of epilepsy (psychosocial pathogenesis). These psychiatric symptoms may develop in relationship to the seizures (in prodromal, ictal, or postictal periods) but more commonly are present in a chronic interictal condition.The wide range of clinical diversity is related to the anatomic foci, to patterns of spread, and to biologic or psychological differences among patients. Interictal behavioral changes in epilepsy remain controversial and difficult to define, mainly because pathogenesis may be attributable to several factors, such as epilepsy itself, possible brain lesions, the AEDs prescribed, and psychosocial problems (6). On the other hand, the existence of cognitive changes in epilepsy is well established, and Addrress correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Riccardo Tom at Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, via Cherasco 11, 10126 Torino, Italy.sometimes the presence of cognitive disorders can facilitate the appearance of psychiatric disturbances (7).One of the most widely discussed problems is the incidence of psychiatric pathology in epilepsy, with a wide range of values in the literature related to the type of study. Epilepsy is characterized by a broad spectrum of severity. Ideally, patients for study trials should be selected consecutively from a general epilepsy population, but most epidemiologic studies are carried out in centers for epilepsy and include many refractory subjects who demonstrate a range of pathologic disturbances more severe than those observed in the general population of patients with epilepsy. In community studies, the prevalence of associated psychiatric disorders is low, whereas in specialty referral centers, particularly those serving indigent populations, the prevalence can rise to 25-50%: Among patient...

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“…The objective is not to consider diagnostic issues, which are adequately covered in modern textbooks and other recent publications (3,6). The assumption is made that there are patients who can be diagnosed as suffering from hysterical attacks -in all four cases the diagnosis was "Manuscript received February, 1974.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 (1975) made by experienced neurologists after full neuro-psychiatric assessment. Taking this as the starting point, the aims will be to define their characteristics and to attempt to generate etiological hypotheses, and comparison will be made with other recently reported series (3,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Etiology of Hysterical Seizures

Standage

1975

Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal

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Four patients have been described who were believed to be suffering from hysterical attacks. The recent literature on hysterical seizures has been examined and the four new patients were added to two other reported series to provide a profile of 25 cases. Preceding or accompanying physical illness was a common finding, and 32 percent of subjects had a previous history of neurological disease. The existence of a substrate of CNS damage is supported by the finding of EEG abnormalities in 40 percent of patients. In other ways the cases resembled classical descriptions of subjects liable to hysterical illness. The operation of either dissociative or conversion mechanisms during the attacks was difficult to demonstrate, and suggestion was sometimes the only factor found to account for the form of the symptoms. Further studies to examine the nature of the relationship between brain damage and hysterical disorders appear justified.

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Pseudoseizures

Cited by 83 publications

References 0 publications

Differential Aspects of Sleep Epilepsy

Differential Aspects of Sleep Epilepsy

Behavioral, Psychotic, and Anxiety Disorders in Epilepsy: Etiology, Clinical Features, and Therapeutic Implications

The Etiology of Hysterical Seizures

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