Pseudorabies virus: a neglected zoonotic pathogen in humans?

Wong, Gary; Lu, Jiahai; Zhang, Wenhong; Gao, George F.

doi:10.1080/22221751.2018.1563459

Cited by 92 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It has been reported that a pig farmworker was infected by PRV after exposure to sewage (Ai et al, ). There are also several reports in different countries mentioned human was infected by PRV (Wong et al, ). However, no PRV was isolated from these cases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Our study in this case also indicates that the PRV can be transmitted via an indirect contact way and the farmworker may play a critical role in the spread process. It is worthy to note that PRV might be a neglected zoonotic pathogen in human (Wong et al, ). Thus, the public health risk of new variant PRV is worthy of attention.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, outbreaks of variant PRV have been reported in China (An et al, ; Gu et al, ; Tong et al, ). Although PRV could infect ruminants, carnivores, rodents and even humans (Wong, Lu, Zhang, & Gao, ), only limited cases were reported, especially in cattle. It was reported that three cattle were dead due to PRV infection in Japan in 1985, which were raised one kilometre away from an infected pig herd (Matsuoka et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural infection of a variant pseudorabies virus leads to bovine death in China

Cheng

Kong

Liu

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Pseudorabies virus (PRV) infects numerous species of domestic and wild animals leading to severe diseases especially in swine and cattle. Since 2011, the variant PRVs were identified in pigs, which were genetically different from classic strains. Although variant PRV infection is widely observed in pigs, there is still no report of variant PRV infection in cattle. Here, we reported a natural infection of variant PRV leading to acute bovine death in Eastern China. Our study suggests that the new variant PRV strains could be a potential threat to cattle industry and possibly to the public health of human.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural infection of a variant pseudorabies virus leads to bovine death in China

Cheng

Kong

Liu

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…The natural host of PRV is the adult swine, but the virus has an extremely broad tropism and can infect some birds, fish and many types of mammals including some primates 71 . Moreover, human cells in culture are susceptible to PRV infection and there have been some reports of zoonotic infections 72 . Therefore, the PRV LAP sequence could be naturally optimized for gene therapyapplications requiring efficient and long-term transgene expression in several different mammals including humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Alphaherpesvirus Latency-Associated Promoters Drive Efficient and Long-Term Transgene Expression in the Central Nervous System

Maturana

Verpeut

Pisano

et al. 2019

Preprint

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AbstractRecombinant adeno-associated viral vectors (rAAV) are used as gene therapy vectors to treat central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Despite their safety and broad tropism, important issues need to be corrected such as the limited payload capacity and the lack of small gene promoters providing long-term, pan-neuronal transgene expression in the CNS. Commonly used gene promoters are relatively large and can be repressed a few months after CNS transduction, risking the long-term performance of single-dose gene therapy applications. We used a whole-CNS screening approach based on systemic delivery of AAV-PHP.eB, iDisco+ tissue-clearing and light-sheet microscopy, to identify three small latency-associated promoters (LAP) from the herpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PRV). These promoters are LAP1 (404bp), LAP2 (498bp) and LAP1_2 (880bp). They drive chronic transcription of the virus encoded latency-associated transcript (LAT) during productive and latent phases of PRV infection. We observed stable, pan-neuronal transgene transcription and translation from AAV-LAP in the CNS for six months post AAV transduction. In several CNS areas, the number of cells expressing the transgene was higher for LAP2 than the large conventional EF1α promoter (1264bp). Our data suggests that the LAP are suitable candidates for viral vector-based CNS gene therapies requiring chronic transgene expression after one-time viral-vector administration.

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“…PRV poses a serious threat to the pig industry, especially since novel PRV variants began emerging in 2011 [3,4]. Most importantly, recent studies have reported that humans can be infected by PRV [5][6][7], indicating that PRV is also a potential threat to humans [6]. Thus, exploring new anti-PRV agents may be an effective means of controlling PRV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isobavachalcone inhibits Pseudorabies virus by impairing virus-induced cell-to-cell fusion

Wang

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

Virol J

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Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an important pathogen that threatens the global swine industry. Currently, there is no effective drug that can clinically prevent or treat PRV infections. Isobavachalcone (IBC), a natural chalcone compound derived from Psoralea corylifolia, displays multiple biological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Recently, it was found that IBC exhibited antiviral activity against an RNA virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), in vitro. In the current study, we further demonstrated for the first time that IBC has a strong inhibitory effect on PRV. Through a viral luciferase expression assay, we showed that the inhibition step occurs mainly in the late stage of viral replication. Finally, via a cell-to-cell fusion assay, we demonstrated that IBC inhibits PRV by blocking virus-mediated cell fusion. Thus, IBC may be a candidate for further therapeutic evaluation against PRV infection in vivo.

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Pseudorabies virus: a neglected zoonotic pathogen in humans?

Cited by 92 publications

References 14 publications

Natural infection of a variant pseudorabies virus leads to bovine death in China

Natural infection of a variant pseudorabies virus leads to bovine death in China

Small Alphaherpesvirus Latency-Associated Promoters Drive Efficient and Long-Term Transgene Expression in the Central Nervous System

Isobavachalcone inhibits Pseudorabies virus by impairing virus-induced cell-to-cell fusion

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