Pseudomalaria in a domestic pigeon: a case report

Maharana, Biswa Ranjan; Kumar, Brijesh

doi:10.1007/s12639-016-0764-7

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The regional variation in H. columbae prevalence in pigeons is primarily influenced by vector abundance, in which our study confirms the presence of Pseudolynchia canarenisis. Clinical symptoms of H. columbae infection include anorexia, lethargy, depression, dyspnea, circling movement, and diarrhoea (Maharana and Kumar, 2016) which is in agreement with our study. Chloroquine, an antimalarial drug, is utilised to treat Haemoproteus sp.…”

Section: Treatment and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Therapeutic management to concurrent infection of Haemoproteus columbae and Trichomonas spp. in domestic rock pigeons

et al. 2024

Medicine Journal

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Two domestic rock pigeons were presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, VC & RI, Orathanadu, TANUVAS with the history of circling, rotating its head, complete inappetence and regurgitation. On clinical examination bird appeared dull, depressed and circling of head appreciated and also noticed the presence of Pseudolynchia canariensis. Blood smear examination revealed a characteristic halter shaped gametocytes of Haemoproteus columbae encircling the nucleus of erythrocytes and the crop fluid examination revealed the presence of Trichomonas gallinae. Faecal sample examination revealed the absence of intestinal parasites. The birds were treated with oral Chloroquine @5mg/kg body weight and Metronidazole @50 mg as total dose along with the multivitamin supplementation. The whole flock in the house hold were treated with Permethrin (0.25%) spray by external application to control vector population. After five days of the treatment the clinical condition of the birds were reviewed which showed complete recovery without any complications.

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Section: Treatment and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Therapeutic management to concurrent infection of Haemoproteus columbae and Trichomonas spp. in domestic rock pigeons

et al. 2024

Medicine Journal

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“…Multivitamin liquid (Vimeral, Virbac Animal Health India Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai) at the rate of 0.2 ml per os, twice daily for 2 weeks, in drinking water, was supplemented as it removes stress and enhances immunity (Maharana and Kumar 2016). The vectors for H. columbae were controlled by changing the litter regularly, and treating the pigeon shelter with Deltamethrin (Butox, MSD Animal Health, Pune) spray at a dilution rate of 2 ml/l of water (Varshney et al 2014;Raval et al 2016).…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a fatal infection of young and stressed pigeons, however, in adult birds, it is non-pathogenic. The clinical signs of H. columbae infection include anorexia, lethargy, depression, dyspnea, circling movement and diarrhea (Zinkl 1986;Varshney et al 2014;Maharana and Kumar 2016). The prevalence rate of H. columbae infection in pigeons is higher in Indian states, namely Kerala and Gujarat (Ravindran et al 1999;Raval et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buparvaquone therapy in a rock pigeon infected with Haemoproteus columbae showing torticollis

et al. 2016

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A clinical infection in a two months rock pigeon was diagnosed on the basis of outward signs and blood smear examination. The clinical signs suggestive of pigeon malaria were anorexia, depression, inability to fly, circling movements and episodes of torticollis. The characteristic halter shaped gametocytes were seen, in thin blood smear, encircling the nucleus of erythrocytes. Buparvaquone therapy, two intramuscular injections at the rate of 5 mg/kg at 72 h interval, was successful. Supplementation of multivitamin helped in speedy recovery and clinical signs along with uncommon torticollis, completely disappeared in one week.

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“…Haemoproteus columbae, transmitted by hippoboscid 'louse' ies, which causes "pseudo malaria" is the most common hemoparasite isolated from pigeons [5,6]. Prevalence of pseudo malaria in pigeon populations is variable from 27.6% to 100% and may be lethal to young pigeons [7][8][9]. Leucocytozoonosis is understudied and seems to have a low prevalence in pigeons as well, according to a study from Italy which reported a prevalence of only 15.7% [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian malaria in a feral-pet pigeon: a case report

Muchaamba,

Venugopal,

Gaechter

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background Avian malaria is caused by diverse parasite species of the genus Plasmodium, and it affects various bird species. The occurrence of this disease in wild birds is understudied due to the scarce availability of samples. Hence the pathogenicity in these hosts is not completely known. In addition, feral birds may act as reservoirs bridging the transmission cycle from wild migratory birds to domestic and zoo-kept bird species. We report here the occurrence of P. relictum in a feral pigeon. Case presentation: The bird died unexpectedly, and necropsy revealed an anaemic carcass, with pale organs and hydropericardium. Histopathologic analysis revealed inflammatory infiltrates in lung and liver, and monocytes and Kupffer cells contained hemozoin pigment indicative of phagocytosis of Plasmodium infected erythrocytes. A high erythrocytic infection rate of 18% was evident in tissues and blood vessels in various organs. Furthermore, the thyroid had masses classified as thyroid carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry with anti-P. falciparum HSP70 antibody revealed positive signals in erythrocytes and intravascular leucocytes. Further analysis using Giemsa-stained blood smears revealed a high parasitaemia with an asynchronous infection showing all erythrocytic stages. Molecular diagnosis by PCR identified P. relictum, lineage GRW11 as the etiological agent. The bird presented died most likely due to an acute infection as evidenced by the high blood parasitaemia, leading to major erythrocyte destruction. Further analyses of feral pigeons (n = 22) did not reveal any additional cases with Plasmodium infections. Conclusion While our study suggests that Plasmodium infections are rare in pigeons, host conditions like immunosuppression may have influenced the infection outcome in this fatal case due to the tumour.

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Pseudomalaria in a domestic pigeon: a case report

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Therapeutic management to concurrent infection of Haemoproteus columbae and Trichomonas spp. in domestic rock pigeons

Therapeutic management to concurrent infection of Haemoproteus columbae and Trichomonas spp. in domestic rock pigeons

Buparvaquone therapy in a rock pigeon infected with Haemoproteus columbae showing torticollis

Avian malaria in a feral-pet pigeon: a case report

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