Pseudoescorpiões (Arachnida) da vegetação de sub-bosque da floresta primária tropical de terra firme (Coari, Amazonas, Brasil)

Abstract

RESUMO -Foi encontrada uma riqueza de 15 espécies de pseudoscorpiões, de 12 gêneros e 5 famílias (Chthoniidae, Geogarypidae, Olpiidae, Atemnidae e Chernetidae), habitando diferentes plantas da vegetação do sub-bosque, em floresta primária de terra firme, no alto rio Urucu, Coari, Amazonas, no período de 1991 a 1996. As plantas foram examinadas pelo método de "bateção". Apolpium aff. vastum foi à espécie mais freqüente e abundante sobre as plantas. Dentre os tipos de plantas avaliados, as maiores diversidades de espécies de pseudoscorpiões foram registradas nas pequenas palmeiras, tanto com fronde junto ao chão, como elevada acima do chão. A análise da composição das espécies que ocorreram sobre os diferentes tipos de plantas avaliadas foi realizada pelo "modo-Q", tendo como base a matriz de coeficientes de similaridade de "Jaccard", o que demonstrou maior similaridade entre a fauna das palmeiras e outras plantas que acumulam detritos acima do chão, entre as bromélias e entre aráceas de chão e outras plantas que acumulam detritos junto ao chão.Palavas-chave: Aracnhida, Pseudoscorpionida, diversidade, Amazonas, floresta de terra firme. Pseudoscorpions (Aracnida) in the undergrowth vegetetion indryland forest in Coari, Amazonas, Brazil.ABSTRACT -A richness of 15 pseudoscorpion species, 12 genera belonging to 5 families (Chthoniidae, Geogarypidae, Olpiidae, Atemnidae and Chernetidae) were found in the undergrowth vegetation of the dryland forest, at the upper Urucu river, Coari, Amazonas, from 1991 to 1996, and was collected by the "beating tray" method. Apolpium aff. vastum was the most frequent and abundant species in the undergrowth forest vegetation. Among the various types of plants examined, the majority of the pseudoscorpions occurred in small palms (in the groundtrenched palms as much as the erect stemmed palms). To appraise the specie's composition of these arachnids found in the different kinds of plants, the Q-mode analysis was used based on Jaccard's similarity coefficients. The coefficients that showed the greatest similarity were between the fauna of the palms and other plants that accumulate litter on top of the ground, and between the Bromeliacea and Aracea of the floor and other plants that use the litter of the ground.

A medium-spatial scale distribution pattern of Pseudoscorpionida (Arachnida) in a gradient of topography (altitude and inclination), soil factors, and litter in a central Amazonia forest reserve, Brazil

“…in a small-scale pattern study developed in several transects of dryland primary forest in the upper course of the urucu river, central Amazonia, Aguiar (2000) and Aguiar & bührnheim (2003) registered the highest diversity of pseudoscorpionida (14 species) in the soil, litter and undergrowth vegetation. the author used the berlese extraction and hand-sorting methods in a relatively long-term period of time from 1991 to 1995.…”

Ecological and evolutionary pathways of social behavior in Pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones)

“…In spite that the most common species lives in the leaf litter, rock crevices, or bark trees, there are also species that inhabit unexpected places like rosettes of Bromeliaceae (Weygoldt 1969;Aguiar and Bührnheim 2003) and other vegetation in coast (Gabbutt 1970), bat guano (Andrade and Gnaspini 2002), ant and bee nests (Cole et al 1995;Gonzalez et al 2007), and the body of birds and mammals (Francke and Villegas-Guzman 2006). Regardless that the lifetime of adults is poorly known (Levi 1948(Levi , 1953, literature data suggest that their lifetime is too variable just as their habitat preferences.…”

Preferencia de microhábitat de Pseudoscorpiones (Arachnida) en bosques de mangle del sur del golfo de Morrosquillo, Caribe colombiano

“…https: //doi.org/10.22201/ib.20078706e.2021.92.3378 con el trabajo realizado en los bosques inundables, que reportaron altos valores de abundancia en la hojarasca. La combinación de estos métodos es apropiado para obtener una buena representación de la fauna de pseudoescorpiones (Adis y Junk, 2002;Adis y Mahnert, 1985, 1990, 1993Adis et al, 1988Aguiar y Bührnheim, 2003;Aguiar et al, 2006;Moráis et al, 1997). Los pseudoescorpiones son considerados como un grupo mesodiverso de arácnidos (Harvey, 2013).…”

“…Estos arácnidos pueden estar asociados con una gran variedad de microhábitat especializados como guano de murciélagos, nidos de hormigas, colmenas de abejas, cuerpos de insectos, aves y mamíferos, partes de plantas y presentando un comportamiento forético con diferentes grupos de invertebrados y vertebrados (Aguiar y Bührnheim, 2003;Andrade y Gnaspini 2002;Cole et al, 1995;Francke y Villegas, 2006;Poinar et al, 1998;Weygoldt, 1969;Zeh y Zeh, 1992a, b, 1997. Asimismo, algunos géneros de pseudoescorpiones se consideran exclusivos y han sido reportados de microhábitats halófilos (Gabbutt, 1962;Harvey, 2009;Weygoldt, 1969) y de la vegetación de las costas (Bedoya-Roqueme, 2015; Bedoya-Roqueme y Quirós- Rodríguez, 2018;Bedoya-Roqueme et al, 2016Félix-Angulo, 2018;Hoff, 1959;Lee, 1979;Mahnert, 2014;Mahnert y Schuster, 1981).…”