Pseudocapacitive performance of reactively co-sputtered titanium chromium nitride nanopyramids towards flexible supercapacitor with Li-ion storage

Kumar, Rajesh; Ranjan, Bhanu; Kaur, Davinder

doi:10.1016/j.est.2024.110866

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The Cu/V 2 O 5 /Ni–Mn–In MIM stack was fabricated employing direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering on a flexible Ni substrate using Ni 50 Mn 35 In 15 , vanadium, and copper commercial targets (Testbourne Ltd., 5 mm thick and 2 in. diameter). − The Ni substrate was ultrasonically cleaned before film deposition. The sputtering parameters used for the deposition of the top electrode (copper, Cu), bottom electrode (Ni–Mn–In), and switching layer (V 2 O 5 ) are mentioned in Table S1 .…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V₂O₅ Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing

Kaushlendra,

Kaur

2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Bioinspired neuromorphic computing (NC) is attracting significant research interest due to the imitation of the human brain functioning in electronic devices. The current study describes a flexible Cu/V 2 O 5 /NiMnIn-based memory device fabricated using the direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technique on a flexible Ni substrate. It manifests the simultaneous existence of analog and abrupt switching characteristics, making it promising for neuromorphic applications. The switching behavior is explained through the proposed analytical model. In abrupt resistive switching, the device displays reasonably high OFF/ ON resistance ratio (∼4.1 × 10 3 ), endurance (∼5000 cycles), and data retention time (∼4500 s). The tunability of the device has been investigated by studying the influence of external stimuli, such as temperature and magnetic field anisotropy, on the SET voltage. The realization of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) synaptic functions in analog switching demonstrates the nonlinear and asymmetric features of the device. The effect of temperature on the LTP, LTD, and memory window has been thoroughly investigated. The strain generated in the NiMnIn layer during the first-order martensite transformation aids in tuning the LTP and LTD of the device. The negative and positive piezomagnetic coefficients of Ni and NiMnIn lead to magnetization-graded ferromagnetic assembly and enhance the linearity of LTP and LTD. Additionally, the memory device exhibits outstanding flexibility. The current work opens up new possibilities for upcoming neuromorphic applications.

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Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V₂O₅ Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing

Kaushlendra,

Kaur

2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…Considering these advantages, additional development is still needed to increase the electrochemical performance of Ti−Cr−N nanocomposites. 28 Additionally, ternary transition metal nitrides (TTMNs) and their heterostructures have not been studied significantly for the application of supercapacitors. Impressively, the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor could be significantly improved by integrating carbon material into electrochemical active elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former is associated with the surface capacitive charge storage process in TiN and later appears to be a synergistic effect owing to a wide range of oxidation states of Ti (+1, +2, +3, +4) and Cr (+1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6) cations in titanium chromium nitride (Ti–Cr–N) nanocomposites. Considering these advantages, additional development is still needed to increase the electrochemical performance of Ti–Cr–N nanocomposites . Additionally, ternary transition metal nitrides (TTMNs) and their heterostructures have not been studied significantly for the application of supercapacitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti–Cr–N Nanopyramid/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dot/Stainless Steel Mesh as a Flexible Supercapacitor Electrode

Kumar,

Ranjan,

Kumar

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) incorporated into highly conductive transition metal nitrides offer enhanced electrochemical performance, delivering a high energy density and outstanding electrochemical stability. The present study reports a high-performance supercapacitor electrode consisting of electrophoretic anchored zero-dimensional N-CQDs with reactively cosputtered titanium chromium nitride nanopyramid (Ti−Cr−N) thin films on flexible stainless-steel mesh (SSM) substrates. The nanopyramids of N-CQDs/Ti−Cr− N offer remarkable electrochemical performance through Li + storage, ascribed to the abundant electroactive sites and enhanced synergism between the high specific surface area of N-CQDs and higher conductivity of Ti−Cr−N. Subsequently, the N-CQDs/Ti− Cr−N/SSM electrode in a 1 M Li 2 SO 4 aqueous electrolyte exhibits an excellent gravimetric capacitance of 393.8 F•g −1 at a specific current density of 0.32 A•g −1 . Further, the N-CQDs/Ti−Cr−N/SSM heterostructure outperforms other multicationic-based supercapacitors with a maximum energy density of 41.41 Wh•kg −1 and a superior power density of 7.0 kW•kg −1 . Impressive electrochemical stability of ∼88.6% is retained by the heterostructure even after 5000 continuous charge−discharge cycles. Insights into charge storage mechanisms highlight the dominance of surface-limited capacitive and pseudocapacitive kinetics, with fewer contributions from diffusion-controlled faradaic processes. Furthermore, an exemplary mechanical stability of ∼99.98% over 1200 bending cycles demonstrates the N-CQDs/Ti−Cr−N/SSM heterojunction's excellent resilient structural strength, validating the present electrode potential for high-performance flexible supercapacitor application.

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“…Ternary TMNs can provide superior electrochemical activity compared to binary TMNs, which is ascribed to the synergistic effect between the two electroactive metal centers. Moreover, the inclusion of a second metal atom in monometallic nitride results in additional reaction sites, increased oxidation states, and even higher electrical conductivity. − In this context, nickel, apart from being a non-noble metal, its nitride phase (Ni 3 N) has been extensively reported for impressive catalytic, electrical, and structural capabilities owing to its rich intercalation chemistry, large specific surface area, and intrinsically high electrical and ionic conductivity. ,, Thus, all of the advantageous properties of transition metal nitrides motivated the development of an innovative nickel molybdenum nitride (Ni-Mo-N) nanocomposite for supercapacitor device applications. In addition, the nanocomposite design facilitates enhanced synergism with numerous oxidation states of both nickel (+1, +2, +3) and molybdenum (+1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6), boosting the overall charge storage with advanced pseudocapacitive kinetics. , Hence, as a potential pseudocapacitive material, the Ni-Mo-N nanocomposite is worth rigorous investigation to achieve higher energy and power density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudocapacitance Powered Nickel Molybdenum Nitride Nanocomposite Reactively Cosputtered on Stainless-Steel Mesh toward Advanced Flexible Supercapacitors

Ranjan,

Kaur

2024

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Ternary transition metal nitrides are emerging pseudocapacitive materials for the development of high-energydensity flexible supercapacitors. The present report demonstrates a facile, scalable, and binderless fabrication of unique nickel molybdenum nitride (Ni-Mo-N) nanocomposite directly on stainless-steel mesh (SSM) via reactive magnetron cosputtering technology for flexible symmetric supercapacitor (FSSC) application. Benefiting from the advanced synergism between multiple integrated phases, the ternary Ni-Mo-N/SSM electrode exhibits highly pseudocapacitive characteristics and delivers a maximum specific capacitance of ∼43.11 mF cm −2 in comparison to pristine Ni 3 N/SSM (∼2.32 mF cm −2 ) and Mo 2 N/SSM (∼34.94 mF cm −2 ) electrodes. An extensive b-value and Dunn's investigation reveal the dominance of surface-limited capacitive and pseudocapacitive mechanisms over diffusion-limited redox processes at the Ni-Mo-N nanocomposite. The as-assembled FSSC device (Ni-Mo-N/SSM||Ni-Mo-N/SSM) attains an impressive cell capacitance of ∼37.89 mF cm −2 (or 229.64 F g −1 ) at 0.15 mA cm −2 together with remarkable cycling performance, retaining ∼95.12% capacitance after 10,000 continuous galvanostatic charge−discharge (GCD) cycles. Moreover, the FSSC renders a superior combination of high energy, ∼4.26 μWh cm −2 (or 25.83 Wh kg −1 ), and power density, ∼1.07 mW cm −2 (or 6.50 kW kg −1 ), while displaying state-of-theart stable flexibility, maintaining ∼95.3% and ∼94.5% capacitance after 1500 GCD cycles at +90 and −90°bending angles, respectively. Therefore, the current fabrication strategy of reactively cosputtering a Ni-Mo-N nanocomposite presents a promising avenue for developing high-energy-density and ultrastable flexible supercapacitors.

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Pseudocapacitive performance of reactively co-sputtered titanium chromium nitride nanopyramids towards flexible supercapacitor with Li-ion storage

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V₂O₅ Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing

Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V₂O₅ Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing

Ti–Cr–N Nanopyramid/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dot/Stainless Steel Mesh as a Flexible Supercapacitor Electrode

Pseudocapacitance Powered Nickel Molybdenum Nitride Nanocomposite Reactively Cosputtered on Stainless-Steel Mesh toward Advanced Flexible Supercapacitors

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Pseudocapacitive performance of reactively co-sputtered titanium chromium nitride nanopyramids towards flexible supercapacitor with Li-ion storage

Cited by 7 publications

References 59 publications

Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V2O5 Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing

Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V2O5 Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing

Ti–Cr–N Nanopyramid/Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dot/Stainless Steel Mesh as a Flexible Supercapacitor Electrode

Pseudocapacitance Powered Nickel Molybdenum Nitride Nanocomposite Reactively Cosputtered on Stainless-Steel Mesh toward Advanced Flexible Supercapacitors

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Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V₂O₅ Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing

Multifunctional Resistive Switching in a Magnetization-Graded Ni/NiMnIn/V₂O₅ Flexible Heterostructure toward Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing