Pseudo-nitzschia Blooms in a Coastal Upwelling System: Remote Sensing Detection, Toxicity and Environmental Variables

Palenzuela, Jesús Manuel Torres; Vilas, Luis González; Bellas, Francisco M; Garet, Elina; González-Fernández, África; Spyrakos, Evangelos

doi:10.3390/w11091954

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The valve face is surrounded by slits and pores (striae, fibulae, interstriae). The raphe is outside of the center and not raised above the valve [25]. diatomaceous filters have found several applications such as in fluid filtration, DNA purification, and adsorption of heavy metals [14].…”

Section: Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anticancer Compounds Derived from Marine Diatoms

Hussein

Abdullah

2020

Marine Drugs

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Cancer is the main cause of death worldwide, so the discovery of new and effective therapeutic agents must be urgently addressed. Diatoms are rich in minerals and secondary metabolites such as saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, esters, acyl lipids, sterols, proteins, and flavonoids. These bioactive compounds have been reported as potent anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial agents. Diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic organisms, which are important in the biogeochemical circulation of silica, nitrogen, and carbon, attributable to their short growth-cycle and high yield. The biosilica of diatoms is potentially effective as a carrier for targeted drug delivery in cancer therapy due to its high surface area, nano-porosity, bio-compatibility, and bio-degradability. In vivo studies have shown no significant symptoms of tissue damage in animal models, suggesting the suitability of a diatoms-based system as a safe nanocarrier in nano-medicine applications. This review presents an overview of diatoms’ microalgae possessing anti-cancer activities and the potential role of the diatoms and biosilica in the delivery of anticancer drugs. Diatoms-based antibodies and vitamin B12 as drug carriers are also elaborated.

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Section: Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The valve face is surrounded by slits and pores (striae, fibulae, interstriae). The raphe is outside of the center and not raised above the valve [25].…”

Section: Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer Compounds Derived from Marine Diatoms

Hussein

Abdullah

2020

Marine Drugs

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“…Some systems only have the capacity to provide end users with a warning based on current official control monitoring programs, while others, such as Ireland and the Shetland Islands in Scotland, are providing both risk assessments and forecasts. However, several proof-of-concept systems are under development and show promise as illustrated by the examples in section "Short-Term Forecast of HAB Occurrence and Toxin Presence in Shellfish" and those in the literature (Vilas et al, 2014;Torres Palenzuela et al, 2019;Caballero et al, 2020). Much of the current development of EWS is centered around in situ regulatory monitoring data of harmful species and their toxins at aquaculture sites.…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Current Early Warning Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Forecasting Toxic Harmful Algae for the North-East Atlantic Shellfish Aquaculture Industry

et al. 2021

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Across the European Atlantic Arc (Scotland, Ireland, England, France, Spain, and Portugal) the shellfish aquaculture industry is dominated by the production of mussels, followed by oysters and clams. A range of spatially and temporally variable harmful algal bloom species (HABs) impact the industry through their production of biotoxins that accumulate and concentrate in shellfish flesh, which negatively impact the health of consumers through consumption. Regulatory monitoring of harmful cells in the water column and toxin concentrations within shellfish flesh are currently the main means of warning of elevated toxin events in bivalves, with harvesting being suspended when toxicity is elevated above EU regulatory limits. However, while such an approach is generally successful in safeguarding human health, it does not provide the early warning that is needed to support business planning and harvesting by the aquaculture industry. To address this issue, a proliferation of web portals have been developed to make monitoring data widely accessible. These systems are now transitioning from “nowcasts” to operational Early Warning Systems (EWS) to better mitigate against HAB-generated harmful effects. To achieve this, EWS are incorporating a range of environmental data parameters and developing varied forecasting approaches. For example, EWS are increasingly utilizing satellite data and the results of oceanographic modeling to identify and predict the behavior of HABs. Modeling demonstrates that some HABs can be advected significant distances before impacting aquaculture sites. Traffic light indices are being developed to provide users with an easily interpreted assessment of HAB and biotoxin risk, and expert interpretation of these multiple data streams is being used to assess risk into the future. Proof-of-concept EWS are being developed to combine model information with in situ data, in some cases using machine learning-based approaches. This article: (1) reviews HAB and biotoxin issues relevant to shellfish aquaculture in the European Atlantic Arc (Scotland, Ireland, England, France, Spain, and Portugal; (2) evaluates the current status of HAB events and EWS in the region; and (3) evaluates the potential of further improving these EWS though multi-disciplinary approaches combining heterogeneous sources of information.

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“…The potential of RS for early detection and tracking of harmful algal events has been successfully demonstrated in a wide range of environments. Torres et al (2019), for example, used MERIS data to study the occurrence of blooms in the NW of Spain; an area with an extensive mussel farming industry. Significantly, the launch of ESA S-2 and S-3 satellite offers a timely opportunity to further the development of operational satellitebased monitoring of coastal and inland waters, particularly as it will provide much improved coverage of the southern hemisphere.…”

Section: Remote Sensing Of Harmful Algal Blooms (Habs) In Patagoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving Towards Global Satellite Based Products for Monitoring of Inland and Coastal Waters. Regional Examples From Europe and South America

Spyrakos

Hunter

Simis

et al. 2020

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. Surface waters are a fundamental resource. They fulfil key function in global biogeochemical cycles and are core to our water, food and energy security. The rapidly increasing rate of data collection from different Earth observation (EO) missions suitable for observing water bodies has promoted satellite remote sensing (RS) as a more widely recognised source of information on a number of indicators of water quality and ecosystem condition at local and global scales. In parallel, advances in optical sensors support new and more detailed characterisation of the Earth surface and could lead to innovative EO-based products. Nonetheless, RS of water colour of inland and coastal systems, especially in larger scales and over long-term time series, faces unique challenges. This study provides an overview of the challenges and solutions of developing a global observation platform, including the diverse and complex optical properties of inland waters and guided algorithm selection procedure required to deliver reliable data. The development and validation of a global satellite data processing chain (Calimnos) has been supported by access to an extensive in situ data from more than thirty partners around the world that are now held in the LIMNADES community-owned database. This approach has resulted in a step-change in our ability to produce regional and global water quality products for optically complex waters. Local examples of the data outputs will be explored and the opportunities in how these data can be embedded within local and national monitoring schemes to facilitate better management of water will be discussed.

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Pseudo-nitzschia Blooms in a Coastal Upwelling System: Remote Sensing Detection, Toxicity and Environmental Variables

Cited by 28 publications

References 81 publications

Anticancer Compounds Derived from Marine Diatoms

Anticancer Compounds Derived from Marine Diatoms

Current Status of Forecasting Toxic Harmful Algae for the North-East Atlantic Shellfish Aquaculture Industry

Moving Towards Global Satellite Based Products for Monitoring of Inland and Coastal Waters. Regional Examples From Europe and South America

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