Pseudo‐drunk‐patron evaluation of bar‐staff compliance with Western Australian liquor law

Rydon, Philip; Stockwell, Tim; Lang, Ernie; Beel, Andrea

doi:10.1111/j.1467-842x.1996.tb01031.x

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Several Norwegian studies show that bartenders serve customers who are clearly intoxicated (Buvik, 2013;Buvik & Baklien, 2012a;Rossow & Baklien, 2010). International studies report similar results (Andreasson, Lindewald, & Rehnman, 2000;Freisthler, Grunenwald, Treno, & Lee, 2003;Lang, Stockwell, Rydon, & Beel, 1998;Rydon, Stockwell, Lang, & Beel, 1996;Toomey et al, 2008;Toomey et al, 2004;Toomey et al, 1999;Warpenius, Holmila, & Mustonen, 2010).…”

Section: Enforcement Of the Alcohol Act Is Influenced By Local Contexsupporting

confidence: 61%

Street-level alcohol policy: Assessing intoxication at drinking venues in Oslo

Buvik¹,

Baklien²

2014

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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Aims: This article examines liquor inspectors' assessments of intoxication at drinking establishments in Norway. It draws upon Lipsky's theory of street-level bureaucrats (1980) to study a situation where laws and informal norms seem to pull in opposite directions. Methods:We conducted 26 ethnographic observations of liquor inspectors' visits to drinking venues in Oslo, as well as qualitative interviews and field conversations with liquor inspectors. Findings:The study reveals that inspectors interpret the Norwegian Alcohol Act in four main ways that lead to lenient enforcement of the law. 1. Inspectors translate the wording of the Act into their everyday language. 2. They use significant discretion when assessing a patron's intoxication level. 3. The inspectors identify with patrons. 4. They find it hard to spot deviance when everyone is drunk. Conclusions:Research on alcohol policy usually focuses on the national level. Decisions made at the 'street level', however, might also lead to over-serving, alcohol-related harm and violence. The street-level alcohol policy allows a level of intoxication far above that allowed by the law. In this way, the inspectors support and maintain a liberal drinking culture.

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Section: Enforcement Of the Alcohol Act Is Influenced By Local Contexsupporting

confidence: 61%

Street-level alcohol policy: Assessing intoxication at drinking venues in Oslo

Buvik¹,

Baklien²

2014

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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“…We may assume that when most or all of the customers in a bar are intoxicated, intoxication is the norm and therefore rejection of service to most or all customers becomes very difficult. A third possible explanation is that denial of service could impose additional use of time on busy staff and increase the risk of confrontations that could spoil the convivial atmosphere [41]. Fourth, in the context of our study and similar studies, reluctance to refuse service is also understandable because the pseudo-patrons were not causing problems, they were spending money.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Factors associated with over‐serving at drinking establishments

Buvik¹,

Rossow²

2015

Addiction

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Aims: To address characteristics of drinking establishments, bartenders and patrons that may affect the likelihood of over-serving.Design: A systematic examination of 425 purchase attempts with pseudo-intoxicated patrons enacting scripts that, according to the law, should lead to the denial of alcohol sales.Setting: Drinking establishments in the three largest cities in Norway were visited by male and female actors aged 20-30 years on weekend nights.Measurements: Over-serving was recorded when the pseudo-intoxicated patron was served alcohol. Characteristics of the drinking establishment, the bartender and the pseudointoxicated patron were systematically recorded.Results: Pseudo-intoxicated patrons were served in 347 of 425 purchase attempts (82%). In bi-variate analyses, over-serving rate increased with venue characteristics, music/noise level and intoxication level among patrons. These factors were inter-correlated and correlated with poor lighting. Over-serving rate was also higher when the pseudo-intoxicated patron was female and when the purchase attempt occurred after midnight. In multi-variate analyses, two factors increased the likelihood of over-serving significantly: a high problematic bar indicator score (poor lighting, high music/noise level and high intoxication level among patrons) (adjusted OR=3.5, 95% CI = 1.9 , 6.4) and female gender of pseudo-intoxicated patron (adjusted OR=2.6, 95% CI=1.4 , 4.7). The rate of over-serving was 95% when both risk factors were present and 67 % when both factors were absent. Conclusions:In the Norwegian intoxication oriented drinking culture, over-serving occurs frequently, even in the absence of risk factors such as poor lighting, loud music and high intoxication level among patrons.

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“…Responsible service must be reinforced by enforcement [33] but research in Australia indicates compliance with and enforcement of the law to prohibit intoxication and sales to minors is unsatisfactory [34,35] and it has been reported as insufficient in New Zealand [29].…”

Section: Control Of Drinking On Licensed Premisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to preventing alcohol‐related problems: the experience of New Zealand and Australia

Stewart¹

1997

Drug and Alcohol Review

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New Zealand and Australia have experienced similarities in their drinking cultures and patterns since colonization. This paper briefly reviews those experiences and looks at the approaches both countries have taken in dealing with alcohol-related problems. Over 10 years ago Australia developed a national strategy embracing a harm reduction approach and more recently New Zealand embarked upon a similar process. As well as examining the development of these, other initiatives are examined. These include approaches to licensing of alcohol sales, taxation, alcohol promotion, control of drinking on licensed premises, drinking and driving intervention, community action, initiatives by Maori and Aboriginal people and efforts to educate the individual drinker.

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Pseudo‐drunk‐patron evaluation of bar‐staff compliance with Western Australian liquor law

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

Street-level alcohol policy: Assessing intoxication at drinking venues in Oslo

Street-level alcohol policy: Assessing intoxication at drinking venues in Oslo

Factors associated with over‐serving at drinking establishments

Approaches to preventing alcohol‐related problems: the experience of New Zealand and Australia

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