“…For example, studies on Artemia, P. vannamei, and P. monodon have shown that heat stress elicits a heat shock response, leading to upregulation of HSPs (e.g., HSP70) 5,7,9,29 . Heat stress also affects the expression of genes involved in the immune system, such as damage-associated molecular patterns, the prophenoloxidase system, and antimicrobial peptides 9,[30][31][32] . Our DEG analysis showed that ITT upregulated several genes involved in metabolism, rather than the stressor and immune-related genes.…”