Prudent diet may attenuate the adverse effects of Western diet on cognitive decline

Shakersain, Behnaz; Santoni, Giola; Larsson, Susanna C.; Faxén‐Irving, Gerd; Fastbom, Johan; Fratiglioni, Laura; Xu, Weili

doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2015.08.002

Cited by 122 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In the Seasonal Variation of Blood Cholesterol Study [23], higher DII scores derived from both 24-hour dietary and 7-day dietary recalls also were associated with higher levels of hs-CRP. Finally, the DII includes saturated and trans fats, components of the Western diet with inflammatory potential, which have been associated with poor cognitive function in other studies [63,64]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between an inflammatory diet and global cognitive function and incident dementia in older women: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study

Hayden

Beavers

Steck

et al. 2017

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Introduction The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diets have been associated with lower dementia risk. We evaluated dietary inflammatory potential in relation to mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia risk. Methods Baseline food frequency questionnaires from n = 7085 women (aged 65–79 years) were used to calculate Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores that were categorized into four groups. Cognitive function was evaluated annually, and MCI and all-cause dementia cases were adjudicated centrally. Mixed effect models evaluated cognitive decline on over time; Cox models evaluated the risk of MCI or dementia across DII groups. Results Over an average of 9.7 years, there were 1081 incident cases of cognitive impairment. Higher DII scores were associated with greater cognitive decline and earlier onset of cognitive impairment. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) comparing lower (anti-inflammatory; group 1 referent) DII scores to the higher scores were group 2-HR: 1.01 (0.86–1.20); group 3-HR: 0.99 (0.82–1.18); and group 4-HR: 1.27 (1.06–1.52). Conclusions Diets with the highest pro-inflammatory potential were associated with higher risk of MCI or dementia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between an inflammatory diet and global cognitive function and incident dementia in older women: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study

Hayden

Beavers

Steck

et al. 2017

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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“…4 Logistic regression models were adjusted for the following: age (years); ethnicity (white: yes or no); education (registered nurse, bachelor, or graduate); marriage status (married, widowed, or separated/divorced); menopausal status (pre-or postmenopausal; never, past, or current menopausal hormone use); smoking status (never smoked; pack-years: 1.0-9. between height and a prudent dietary pattern high in fruit and vegetables. Diet is one of the most important modifiable determinants of the "healthy aging phenotype" (10,11), and compelling evidence has suggested that a dietary pattern rich in fruit, vegetables, fish, whole grains, and starchy low-fat staple foods are likely to play key roles in promoting healthy aging (11,39,40). In addition to being genetically determined, attained adult height is a marker of early-life exposures affecting childhood and adolescent growth (e.g., maternal diet during pregnancy, childhood diet, infection, and psychological stress) (4, 41), which are thought to affect health during adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult height, dietary patterns, and healthy aging

Ma¹,

Hagan²,

Heianza

et al. 2017

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Adult height has shown directionally diverse associations with several age-related disorders, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, decline in cognitive function, and mortality. Objective: We investigated the associations of adult height with healthy aging measured by a full spectrum of health outcomes, including incidence of chronic diseases, memory, physical functioning, and mental health, among populations who have survived to older age, and whether lifestyle factors modified such relations. Design: We included 52,135 women (mean age: 44.2 y) from the Nurses' Health Study without chronic diseases in 1980 and whose health status was available in 2012. Healthy aging was defined as being free of 11 major chronic diseases and having no reported impairment of subjective memory, physical impairment, or mental health limitations. Results: Of all eligible study participants, 6877 (13.2%) were classified as healthy agers. After adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors, we observed an 8% (95% CI: 6%, 11%) decrease in the odds of healthy aging per SD (0.062 m) increase in height. Compared with the lowest category of height (#1.57 m), the OR of achieving healthy aging in the highest category ($1.70 m) was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.87; P-trend , 0.001). In addition, we found a significant interaction of height with a prudent dietary pattern in relation to healthy aging (P-interaction = 0.005), and among the individual dietary factors characterizing the prudent dietary pattern, fruit and vegetable intake showed the strongest effect modification (P-interaction = 0.01). The association of greater height with reduced odds of healthy aging appeared to be more evident among women with higher adherence to the prudent dietary pattern rich in vegetable and fruit intake. Conclusions: Greater height was associated with a modest decrease in the likelihood of healthy aging. A prudent diet rich in fruit and vegetables might modify the relation.Am J Clin Nutr 2017;106:589-96.

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“…Our predicted proportions of macronutrients possibly lowering the chance of AD development, may be also used to divide the subjects of the previously published studies (for example described in [15,37,38]) to new trial groups according to macronutrient consumption and to reanalyze the statistical data to give new insights into the effectiveness of those particular diet changes in prevention of AD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Calculator of Anti-Alzheimer’s Diet. Macronutrients

2016

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The opinions about optimal proportions of macronutrients in a healthy diet have changed significantly over the last century. At the same time nutritional sciences failed to provide strong evidence backing up any of the variety of views on macronutrient proportions. Herein we present an idea how these proportions can be calculated to find an optimal balance of macronutrients with respect to prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and dementia. These calculations are based on our published observation that per capita personal income (PCPI) in the USA correlates with age-adjusted death rates for AD (AADR). We have previously reported that PCPI through the period 1925–2005 correlated with AADR in 2005 in a remarkable, statistically significant oscillatory manner, as shown by changes in the correlation coefficient R (Roriginal). A question thus arises what caused the oscillatory behavior of Roriginal? What historical events in the life of 2005 AD victims had shaped their future with AD? Looking for the answers we found that, considering changes in the per capita availability of macronutrients in the USA in the period 1929–2005, we can mathematically explain the variability of Roriginal for each quarter of a human life. On the basis of multiple regression of Roriginal with regard to the availability of three macronutrients: carbohydrates, total fat, and protein, with or without alcohol, we propose seven equations (referred to as “the calculator” throughout the text) which allow calculating optimal changes in the proportions of macronutrients to reduce the risk of AD for each age group: youth, early middle age, late middle age and late age. The results obtained with the use of “the calculator” are grouped in a table (Table 4) of macronutrient proportions optimal for reducing the risk of AD in each age group through minimizing Rpredicted−i.e., minimizing the strength of correlation between PCPI and future AADR.

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Prudent diet may attenuate the adverse effects of Western diet on cognitive decline

Abstract: High adherence to prudent diet may diminish the adverse effects of high adherence to Western diet on cognitive decline.

Cited by 122 publications

References 57 publications

The association between an inflammatory diet and global cognitive function and incident dementia in older women: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study

The association between an inflammatory diet and global cognitive function and incident dementia in older women: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study

Adult height, dietary patterns, and healthy aging

The Calculator of Anti-Alzheimer’s Diet. Macronutrients

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