PrPCWD in rectal lymphoid tissue of deer (Odocoileus spp.)

Wolfe, Lisa L.; Spraker, Terry R.; González, Lorenzo; Dagleish, Mark P.; Sirochman, Tracey M.; Brown, Jeremy C.; Jeffrey, Martin; Miller, Michael W.

doi:10.1099/vir.0.82342-0

Cited by 64 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Post-mortem detection of PrP d in the RAMALT was achieved in a low percentage [13]), and similar ones in chronic wasting disease of cervids [21,33]. Whether this is a feature of goat scrapie in general or a peculiarity of this outbreak is unknown but, in any case, the frequency of detection of PrP d in the RAMALT rises to 84.0% when goats with widespread LRS involvement -but still at preclinical stagesare considered.…”

Section: Implications For Surveillance Of Goat Tsementioning

confidence: 75%

High prevalence of scrapie in a dairy goat herd: tissue distribution of disease-associated PrP and effect ofPRNPgenotype and age

González¹,

Martin²,

Sisó³

et al. 2009

Vet. Res.

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-Following a severe outbreak of clinical scrapie in 2006-2007, a large dairy goat herd was culled and 200 animals were selected for post-mortem examinations in order to ascertain the prevalence of infection, the effect of age, breed and PRNP genotype on the susceptibility to scrapie, the tissue distribution of diseaseassociated PrP (PrP d ), and the comparative efficiency of different diagnostic methods. As determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations with Bar224 PrP antibody, the prevalence of preclinical infection was very high (72/200; 36.0%), with most infected animals being positive for PrP d in lymphoreticular system (LRS) tissues (68/72; 94.4%) compared to those that were positive in brain samples (38/72; 52.8%). The retropharyngeal lymph node and the palatine tonsil showed the highest frequency of PrP d accumulation (87.3% and 84.5%, respectively), while the recto-anal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (RAMALT) was positive in only 30 (41.7%) of the infected goats. However, the efficiency of rectal and palatine tonsil biopsies taken shortly before necropsy was similar. The probability of brain and RAMALT being positive directly correlated with the spread of PrP d within the LRS. The prevalence of infection was influenced by PRNP genetics at codon 142 and by the age of the goats: methionine carriers older than 60 months showed a much lower prevalence of infection (12/78; 15.4%) than those younger than 60 months (20/42; 47.6%); these last showed prevalence values similar to isoleucine homozygotes of any age (40/80; 50.0%). Two of seven goats with definite signs of scrapie were negative for PrP d in brain but positive in LRS tissues, and one goat showed biochemical and IHC features of PrP d different from all other infected goats. The results of this study have implications for surveillance and control policies for scrapie in goats.scrapie / goat / prion disease / transmissible spongiform encephalopathy

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Section: Implications For Surveillance Of Goat Tsementioning

confidence: 75%

High prevalence of scrapie in a dairy goat herd: tissue distribution of disease-associated PrP and effect ofPRNPgenotype and age

González¹,

Martin²,

Sisó³

et al. 2009

Vet. Res.

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“…Candidate parents harvested in the 2002 season with obex + or obex ++ positive were categorized as CWD-positive at breeding. Candidate parents harvested in the 2003 season with obex + positive were categorized as CWD-negative at breeding because PrP CWD accumulation in the obex generally occurs within 12 mo after infection (Sigurdson et al, 1999;Fox et al, 2006) 2006; Johnson et al, 2006;Wolfe et al, 2007;Johnson et al, 2011). There are no specific data published, however, about how CWD progresses over time in the different Prnp genotypes in white-tailed deer except for time to clinical disease and death (Wilson et al, 2009;Johnson et al, 2011).…”

Section: Cwd Status At Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chronic Wasting Disease on Reproduction and Fawn Harvest Vulnerability in Wisconsin White-Tailed Deer

Blanchong

Grear

Weckworth

et al. 2012

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that affects free-ranging and captive North American cervids. Although the impacts of CWD on cervid survival have been documented, little is known about the disease impacts on reproduction and recruitment. We used genetic methods and harvest data to reconstruct parentage for a cohort of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) fawns born in spring 2002 and evaluate the effects of CWD infection on reproduction and fawn harvest vulnerability. There was no difference between CWD-positive and CWD-negative male deer in the probability of being a parent. However, CWD-positive females were more likely to be parents than CWD-negative females. Because our results are based on harvested animals, we evaluated the hypothesis that higher parentage rates occurred because fawns with CWD-positive mothers were more vulnerable to harvest. Male fawns with CWD-positive mothers were harvested earlier (.1 mo relative to their mother's date of harvest) and farther away from their mothers than male fawns with CWDnegative mothers. Male fawns with CWD-positive mothers were also harvested much earlier and farther away than female fawns from CWD-positive mothers. Most female fawns (86%) with CWD-positive mothers were harvested from the same section as their mothers, while almost half of male and female fawns with CWD-negative mothers were farther away. We conclude that preclinical stages of CWD infection do not prohibit white-tailed deer from successfully reproducing. However, apparently higher harvest vulnerability of male fawns with CWD-positive mothers suggests that CWD infection may make females less capable of providing adequate parental care to ensure the survival and recruitment of their fawns.

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“…In naturally infected white-tailed deer, deer that expressed 96SS PrP had a lower risk for CWD infection, but were not resistant, since at least three of 7350 CWD infected deer were positive for PrP Sc in brain [36,59]. Other studies suggest that the 96S allele delays CWD disease progression [95]. Perhaps these two allelic genotypes select for different CWD strains.…”

Section: The Cervid Prnp Genementioning

confidence: 99%

“…PrP Sc was readily detected by IHC in rectal lymphoid follicles from experimentally infected deer, where 19 of 19 deer were positive by one year after oral inoculation. In naturallyinfected mule deer, 45 of 50 subclinical and terminal CWD-infected deer, as determined by immunohistochemistry on tonsil or retropharyngeal lymph nodes, were also positive by rectal biopsy [95]. Rectal biopsies to diagnose CWD in elk may also be suitable, as one study showed a strong correlation between tonsil, rectal mucosa, and brain in CWD positive elk, although one of seven elk with early CWD was tonsil positive, but rectal mucosa negative [82].…”

Section: Cwd Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ridding the environment of CWD-contaminated soil or even CWD-infected carcasses is not possible. Moreover, the available ante-mortem diagnostic tests for surveillance are laborious and impractical for large numbers of free-ranging animals [74,88,95]. Therefore for a wildlife manager, this disease is costly to survey and difficult to control.…”

Section: Disease Control Challenges Posed By Cwdmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease

2008

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-Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion disease of deer, elk, and moose, initially recognized in Colorado mule deer. The discovery of CWD beyond the borders of Colorado and Wyoming, in Canada and as far east as New York, has led to its emergence as a prion disease of international importance. Epidemiological studies indicate that CWD is horizontally transmitted among free-ranging animals, potentially indirectly by prion-containing secreta or excreta contaminating the environment. Experimental CWD transmission attempts to other wild and domestic mammals and to transgenic mice expressing the prion protein of cattle, sheep, and humans have shed light on CWD species barriers. Transgenic mice expressing the cervid prion protein have proven useful for assessing the genetic influences of Prnp polymorphisms on CWD susceptibility. Accumulating evidence of CWD pathogenesis indicates that the misfolded prion protein or prion infectivity seems to be widely disseminated in many nonneural organs and in blood. This review highlights contemporary research findings in this prion disease of free-ranging wildlife.

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PrPCWD in rectal lymphoid tissue of deer (Odocoileus spp.)

Cited by 64 publications

References 18 publications

High prevalence of scrapie in a dairy goat herd: tissue distribution of disease-associated PrP and effect ofPRNPgenotype and age

High prevalence of scrapie in a dairy goat herd: tissue distribution of disease-associated PrP and effect ofPRNPgenotype and age

Effects of Chronic Wasting Disease on Reproduction and Fawn Harvest Vulnerability in Wisconsin White-Tailed Deer

A prion disease of cervids: Chronic wasting disease

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