Proximo-Distal Fluid Convection in the Endoneurial Spaces of Peripheral Nerves, Demonstrated by Colored and Radioactive (Isotope) Tracers

Weiß, Paul; Wang, Hsi; Taylor, Alan C.; Edds, Mac V.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1945.143.4.521

Cited by 97 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…This makes unreasonable the supposition that the material has been transported extracellularly, e.g. by the "endoneurial flow" mechanism demonstrated by Weiss et al (31), since it is difficult to imagine that particulate matter might be extruded by the neuron, move down the nerve through the extracellular space, and re-enter the neuron at the neuron terminals. Lasek has also provided some evidence against the possibility that the protein transport is occurring extracellularly (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and Slow Components in Axonal Transport of Protein

McEwen

Grafstein

1968

The Journal of Cell Biology

335

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ABSTRACT(a) After injection of labeled leucine into the eye of goldfish, radioactive protein rapidly accumulates in the contralateral optic tectum in the layer containing the synaptic endings of the optic fibers. This material reaches the tectum 6-12 hr after the isotope injection, a fact which indicates that the rate of transport is at least 40 mm per day. (b) This rapidly transported material has been shown to consist exclusively of protein, in which the label remains attached to leucine. (c) Inhibition of protein synthesis in the retina prevents the appearance of the transported protein in the tectum, but inhibition of protein synthesis in the tectum does not. Substances having some of the same properties as leucine, such as cycloleucine and norepinephrine, are not transported to the tectum. These experiments all indicate that the transported protein is synthesized in the retina. However, inhibition of retinal protein synthesis after this protein has been formed does not interfere with the transport mechanism itself. (d) The fast component consists of about 85% particulate material. It may be distinguished from a slowly moving component, transported at 0.4 mm per day, which contains about 5 times as much radioactivity as the fast component, and which consists of 60% particulate matter and 40% soluble protein.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and Slow Components in Axonal Transport of Protein

McEwen

Grafstein

1968

The Journal of Cell Biology

335

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“…These special blood vessels in the dorsal root ganglion may be necessary to nourish the large number of neurons, but their function or significance have not been fully elucidated. In 1945, Weiss et al [34] confirmed the presence of endoneurial fluid flow from the proximal to the distal parts of nerve trunks in rats and guinea pigs, and reported that the velocity of this flow was about 3 m d h . Myers et al [30] later measured the endoneurial fluid pressure in the dorsal root ganglion (L5) and the sciatic nerve using a micropipette, and reported that the mean pressure was respectively 4.6 * 1.6 and 1.8 & 0.6 cmHzO and that it was always higher in the dorsal root ganglion than in the more peripheral nerve tissue.…”

Section: And Arvidson Et Al [3]mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The dorsal root ganglion in the intervertebral foramen has an important role in the mechanism of low back pain and sciatia in patients with disc herniation and spinal canal stenosis, because primary sensory neurons with their cell bodies are present in this structure [9,10,34,33,33]. It has been made clear by autopsy studies that the dorsal root ganglion is located more medially to the spinal canal in the lower lumbar region [8,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mechanical compression on the vascular permeability of the dorsal root ganglion

Kobayashi

Yoshizawa

2002

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The dorsal root ganglion contains primary sensory neurons and is closely related to low back pain and sciatia. The present study investigated whether endoneurial edema, which is involved in the onset of pain and nerve dysfunction, was increased in the dorsal root ganglion by compression. The influence of mechanical compression on the vascular permeability of the lumbar dorsal root ganglion was determined. The dorsal root ganglion is reported to have a higher vascular permeability compared with other nerve tissues as well as lacking a blood-nerve barrier. However, only a few studies have assessed the influence of mechanical compression on the dorsal root ganglion, especially its vascular permeability.In dogs, laminectomy was performed at L7 and the dorsal root ganglion of the seventh lumbar spinal nerve was compressed for 1 h using four kinds of clips with various strengths. After clip removal, Evans blue albumin (EBA) or horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was administered intravenously as a tracer. After sacrifice, the EBA-injected specimens were observed by fluorescence microscopy and the HRP-injected specimens were observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. After compression of the dorsal root ganglion at 15 gf or more, leakage of tracer into the endoneurial space was markedly increased compared with the sham-operated group and severe edema was noted. Extravascular leakage of tracer was obvious around venules and capillaries. Electron microscopy showed an increase of extravascular HRP in the gap junctions and fenestrae between endothelial cells due to increased vascular permeability. However, the dorsal root ganglion was covered with a thick perineurium and H R P that leaked from the blood vessels did not enter the epineurium even after compression at 60 gf. It was proven that the increased vascular permeability occurred as well as in leakage of dye within the dorsal root ganglion after a single hour of compression of the dorsal root ganglion. (B

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“…The PNS thus represents a route of resorbtion of the CSF [20]. In roots and nerves there is also a proximo-distal fluid convection in the endoneurial spaces with a proximo-distal gradient of endoneurial fluid pressure which makes the content of endoneurial fluid move distally [21,22]. Substances released in the CSF can thus move slowly towards distal nerves through movements of the endoneurial fluid.…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%