Proximity forces

Błocki, J.; Randrup, J.; Świa̧tecki, W.J.; Tsang, C.F.

doi:10.1016/0003-4916(77)90249-4

Cited by 1,572 publications

(995 citation statements)

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“…One such procedure is called the Proximity Force Theorem [158]. It has gained wide-spread acceptance in recent years.…”

Section: Sphere (Lens) Above a Disk: Additive Methods And Proximity Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has gained wide-spread acceptance in recent years. The application range of this theorem extends from coagulations of aerosols (the subject where it was used first [159]) to atomic nuclei [158]. It is based on the expression for the proximity energy associated with a curved gap of smoothly variable width z…”

Section: Sphere (Lens) Above a Disk: Additive Methods And Proximity Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New developments in the Casimir effect

2001

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We provide a review of both new experimental and theoretical developments in the Casimir effect. The Casimir effect results from the alteration by the boundaries of the zero-point electromagnetic energy. Unique to the Casimir force is its strong dependence on shape, switching from attractive to repulsive as function of the size, geometry and topology of the boundary. Thus the Casimir force is a direct manifestation of the boundary dependence of quantum vacuum. We discuss in depth the general structure of the infinities in the field theory which are removed by a combination of zeta-functional regularization and heat kernel expansion. Different representations for the regularized vacuum energy are given. The Casimir energies and forces in a number of configurations of interest to applications are calculated. We stress the development of the Casimir force for real media including effects of nonzero temperature, finite conductivity of the boundary metal and surface roughness. Also the combined effect of these important factors is investigated in detail on the basis of condensed matter physics and quantum field theory at nonzero temperature. The experiments on measuring the Casimir force are also reviewed, starting first with the older measurements and finishing with a detailed presentation of modern precision experiments. The latter are accurately compared with the theoretical results for real media. At the end of the review we provide the most recent constraints on the corrections to Newtonian gravitational law and other hypothetical long-range interactions at submillimeter range obtained from the Casimir force measurements.

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“…One such procedure is called the Proximity Force Theorem [158]. It has gained wide-spread acceptance in recent years.…”

Section: Sphere (Lens) Above a Disk: Additive Methods And Proximity Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sphere (Lens) Above a Disk: Additive Methods And Proximity Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in the Casimir effect

2001

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“…Figure 5 shows an example of such a calculation for 74 As, with ∆A=2 from 76 Ge. The interaction potential was taken to be the sum of the Coulomb potential and the nuclear proximity potential [23]. This calculation includes the assumption of a single trajectory for the projectile with no higher order terms, such as energy dissipation, taken into consideration.…”

Section: B Perpendicular Momentum Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the momentum distribution with mass loss in projectile fragmentation reactions

et al. 2012

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Background: Momentum distributions of fragmentation products as a function of fragment mass have been used to study the fragmentation mechanism. The parallel component of the momentum distribution has been well studied previously and modeled. The perpendicular component however is much less measured or understood.Purpose: Measure both components of the linear momentum of a wide range of fragmentation products and compare the widths of the momentum distributions to previous results and descriptions.Method: The parallel and perpendicular components of the momentum vector have been measured for projectilelike fragments produced in the reactions of 76 Ge with 9 Be and 197 Au at 130 MeV/nucleon in a magnetic spectrometer.Results: The measured parallel momentum distributions of all fragments follow established systematics. The perpendicular momentum distributions of fragments produced by fragmentation by the 197 Au target with masses near that of the projectile exhibit a clear peak near the momentum corresponding to the grazing angle that diminishes with decreasing fragment mass. Conclusions:The interplay between Coulomb and nuclear scattering can be used to describe results for the most peripheral collisions.

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“…14. The corresponding Casimir force was calculated as F sp = −π 3 Rℏc/360d sp 3 on the basis of the proximity force theorem, 24) where R and d sp are the radius of the sphere and the distance from the lowest surface of the sphere to the surface of the plate, respectively. The behavior of the Casimir force in a metal-semiconductor system is slightly different from that in a metal-metal system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%