Proximate Determinant of Adolescents Fertility in Central Java

Abstract

Adolescent fertility is an important issue in terms of health and social care due to its relation to morbidity and mortality of mothers and children. The 2017 IDHS provided data regarding the percentage of women aged 15-19 who already became mothers or pregnant with their first child according to background characteristics. The 2017 IDHS results showed 7 percent of women aged 15-19 were mothers: 5 percent had given birth and 2 percent were pregnant with their first child. This study used a quantitative secondary data analysis approach. The secondary data used were the results of the Central Java IDHS 2017. The population of this study was all adolescent girls aged 15-19 years in Central Java. The unit analysis in the study were women of childbearing age which were 15-19 years from the analysis unit of Central Java IDHS in 2017 with a total sample of 4,560 respondents. From the results of the study, we noted that factors related to adolescent fertility in Central Java were age, education, use of contraception, marital status, status of living with a partner, and practice of sexual relations. Factors which were not related to adolescent fertility in Central Java were occupation, wealth, type of residential area, insurance ownership, duration of abstinence, partner's age, partner's level of education, and partner's occupation.

The Use of Contraception and Adolescent Fertility in Indonesia

“…The area of origin in this study (rural/urban) did not affect fertility in adolescents, which means that this result is not in line with the study in Timor Leste [8] which states that the OR for the fertility of adolescents from rural areas is 2.8 times compared to those from urban areas. However, the research results have the opposite result that the area of origin does not affect fertility rates in adolescents [11]. This happens because even though they are from rural areas, they can already access contraceptives and have higher education.…”

“…However, the findings of this study are in contrast to the findings in Central Java, Indonesia. That socioeconomic factors are not related to adolescent fertility in Central Java because socioeconomic factors are supported by the couple's education factor [11].…”

“…Adolescents who are married have a higher fertility rate than those who are not. Married adolescents contributed at least once given birth in a range of 42%-70% [6], [11]. People in Indonesia still hold the custom that the main reason for getting married is to have children even though the mother is still a teenager, so it will not delay the first pregnancy and result in a higher fertility rate in married adolescents than unmarried [7], [12].…”

Child marriage: the unspoken consequence of COVID-19

“…This is due to the fact that emotions are still unstable, making it easier to fight even in the face of minor issues. Because of an unequal relationship, quarrels can sometimes develop to domestic violence/sexual violence, which is particularly common among women [7], [8].…”

Is Adolescent Fertility High in Maluku Province? Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) Data Analysis in 2017

“…This requires evidence based on data at the regional/national level related to adolescent reproductive health, behavior, use of information, and family planning services. Several studies related to adolescent fertility have been conducted in several areas in Indonesia such as NTT and Yogyakarta (Rahmadewi, 2011), Central Java (Raharjo et al, 2019), Kalimantan (Raharja et al, 2021), while relatively little is known about adoloscent fertility in Maluku Province. However, the presence of IDHS data allows researchers, policy makers and program designers to fill this gap.…”