Proximate analysis, HPTLC finger print analysis and multi spectrometric analysis of Strychnos nux-vomica nuts

Abstract

Background In alternative medicine, plants pay a major role. Some plants are known for their poisonous nature but still have some importance in the herbal drug industry for their medicinal value. Strychnos nux-vomica is one such plant. Its nuts are called as poison nut due to the presence of alkaloids. Both the nut and its minerals are having medicinal properties and hence the present study was indented to understand the nature of primary metabolites and multi elemental composition. Methods The nuts of S. nux-vomica were procured, authenticated, powdered and subjected to proximate analysis parameters, visualization of thin layer chromatographic separation (TLC) and finger print profiling through high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC); surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, powder X-ray diffractometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Results In HPTLC, 7 spots each under 254 nm, 366 nm, derivatization with vanillin sulphuric acid (VSR) reagent appeared and 2 spots with Dragendorff’s reagent. In HPTLC, 12 peaks at 254 nm, 9 peaks at 366 nm, 7 peaks at 520 nm after derivatization with VSR reagent detected. Elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine, aluminium, iron, manganese, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, copper, zinc, sulphur and silicon were identified. PXRD revealed that the presence of potassium chloride, calcite and dolomite as major elemental composition. Conclusions The presence of all the above elements has vital roles on human physiology. Potassium, calcium, chlorine, aluminium, nickel, phosphorus, sulphur and silicon are reported for the first time in this study.

Standardization of Madhumukthi Kudineer Chooranum Using Pharmacognostic, Physicochemical and HPTLC Studies

“…[38] The total inorganic content of the drug, total ash was calculated as 6.42 % which indicates the presence of micro-macro nutrients in the drug. [39][40][41] The siliceous matter, calculated as acid insoluble ash was less than one percent which is negligible and the drug may be considered free from foreign inorganic matter. Both the water soluble extractives and alcohol soluble extractives were determined and found to be less than 10 % which indicates that the drug is rich in fibre and primary metabolites.…”

Establishment of Flavonoid Fingerprint of TMR Diet and Optimization Factor Analysis Strategy and In Vitro Fermentation Parameters Based on Spectrum–Effect Relationship

“…However, to date, no research has been conducted on nutricines in TMR for dairy cows. Fingerprinting is used to quantitatively analyze and describe the chemical information contained in the nutricines of feed using certain analytical methods [30,31]. This approach helps to identify the components and establish quality control [32].…”