Proximal osteotomy of the tibia for the treatment of genu recurvatum in adults.

Brothers with genu recurvatum

“…The most common reason for genu recurvatum deformity is fracture, but in other instances minor injury of the proximal tibia may cause premature closure of the anterior part of the proximal tibial growth plate [1][2][3][4][5]. Possible minor injuries are avulsion of the tibial eminence (Osgood-Schlatter disease), skeletal traction by a wire through the proximal tibia, prolonged pressure on the tibial tuberosity by plaster casts or braces, and infectious diseases of the tibia.…”

Report of a Case of Genu Recurvatum Following Tibial Eminence Avulsion Treated by Proximal Tibial Flexion Osteotomy and Review of the Literature

“…At clinical review aged 13 she complained of anterior knee pain and had reduced her sporting activities due to instability of her knee. On examination she had developed a recurvatum and her radiographs revealed an anterior tibial growth arrest with a tibial recurvatum angle of 68.9 degrees [1,16] (Figure 1). Aged 14, following the closure of her proximal tibial physis, a proximal tibial opening wedge osteotomy was performed to correct the tibial deformity.…”

“…Once this angle exceeds 15 degrees and the patient is symptomatic, surgical treatment options may be explored [1]. The deformity may cause knee instability, pain [2] and be associated with shortening of the limb [3,4].…”

“…This condition may be congenital or acquired. Three types have been described: an osseous proximal tibial deformity, soft tissues involving capsule-ligamentous structures and cases where a combination of the two exist [1,5,6]. The association of proximal tibial physeal injuries leading to partial growth arrest and genu recurvatum is well described in the literature [4, [7][8][9][10].…”

“…Flexion osteotomies of the proximal tibia have been described for bony as well as capsuloligamentous aetiologies [1,6,13,14].…”