Proximal and distal stratabound ore deposits

Plimer, I. R.

doi:10.1007/bf00206568

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…650 m, the postore volcanics amount to only 30 to 60 m, implying that the Stekenjokk-Levi orebodies occur close to the stratigraphic top of the felsicdominated formation. Strata-bound sulfides show a tendency to occur at one specific zone within the succession (Stanton, 1972;Sangster, 1972), representing a change in composition of the volcanic rocks, a change from volcanism to sedimentation, or simply a pause in volcanism (Walker et al, 1975;Solomon, 1976;Plimer, 1978;Meyer, 1981). This is also the case at Stekenjokk-Levi.…”

Section: Discussion and Working Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5) (Cathies, 1981;Parry and Hutchinson, 1981). The close connection between stringer ore and massive sulfide layers indicates that ore deposition at Stekenjokk occurred in a proximal situation (Plimer, 1978), the massive ore being deposited directly above or close to the exhalative centers, resulting in most cases in an overlapping pattern for the two ore types. Fumarolic centers on slightly elevated terrain close to the margins of the trough are indicated by stringer zone mineralization only at the western margin of Levi (Fig.…”

Section: The Diameter Of the Alteration Pipe Increases Upwardmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Lateral metal zonation and stringer zone development, reflecting fissure-controlled exhalations at the Stekenjokk-Levi strata-bound sulfide deposit, central Scandinavian Caledonides

Zachrisson

1984

Economic Geology

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The volcanogenic strata-bound sulfide deposit at Stekenjokk occurs in a felsic-dominated, rifted-arc sequence. An already spilitized volcanic pile was altered during mineralization, involving loss of sodium and a marked enrichment in magnesium and potassium. The massive strata-bound ore is capped by black phyllite with gabbro intrusions. A thinner postore sequence of felsic and mafic volcanics lacks the mineralization alteration described above and is of the normal spilitic type, similar to the preore volcanics away from the mineralization. Subsequent deformation led to regional stratigraphic inversion and rocks attained greenschistgrade regional metamorphism.Unfolding of the fold stack reveals lateral dimensions for the Stekenjokk-Levi ore layer on the order of 0.4 X 10 km. In most places, a massive (FeS2 + ZnS + CuFeS2) ore component is present, up to ca. 8 m thick. It is generally underlain (stratigraphically) by an irregularly disseminated type of ore (FeS + CuFeS2) of more variable thickness (0-25 m). Locally, the latter extends beyond the massive ore layer; in places and especially at the southern end of the orebody, it may be absent. Metal zonation occurs in both vertical and lateral directions; higher Pb and lower Cu proportions as well as higher Ag values occur stratigraphically upward and southward along the elongated ore layer.It is inferred that the disseminated ore is indicative of a stringer zone whereas the massive ore is exhalative, both ore types being produced by hydrothermal solutions. These were controlled by a fissure system along which exhalations were expelled at several locations (feeder chimneys). The fissure system also controlled the bottom topography, creating local troughs in which the brines deposited their iron and base metal sulfides. The period of sulfide deposition occurred at a late stage of the arc development, probably during an extensional regime related to the incipient intra-arc rifting. The lateral metal zonation indicates a general southward migration of the expelled brines. Even if most of the mineralization indicates proximal conditions, the southernmost, Pb-and Ag-rich parts probably represent more distal deposition.

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Section: Discussion and Working Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Diameter Of the Alteration Pipe Increases Upwardmentioning

confidence: 96%

Lateral metal zonation and stringer zone development, reflecting fissure-controlled exhalations at the Stekenjokk-Levi strata-bound sulfide deposit, central Scandinavian Caledonides

Zachrisson

1984

Economic Geology

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“…Pyrrhotite is often viewed as metamorphic in origin; however, the absence of any clear evidence for higher metamorphic grades in these areas and the fact that these deposits also contain significant pyrite with no clear textural evidence for replacement suggest that the pyrrhotite is not the result of thermal desulfidation. Plimer (1978) proposed that in unmetamorphosed massive sulfide deposits of this type, the presence of pyrrhotite can be attributed to higher temperatures and lower Pi2 of the brines that accumulate in deep basins as, for example, at Sullivan or Outukumpu. If we assume that the pyrrhotite in the Carolina Slate belt is primary, then, adopting Plimer's model, the syndepositional character of the major fold structures is reconfirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ore deposits of the northern parts of the Carolina slate belt, North Carolina

Feiss

1982

Tectonic Studies in the Talladega and Carolina Slate Belts, Southern Appalachian Orogen

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Modelers of the Carolina state belt (CSB) have come to view the province as a remnant of a late Precambrian-earlyPaleozoic island arc. Thus the metallogeny and tectonic setting of the stratabound massive sulfides, iron/manganese formations, and barite deposits, of the Au, W, and Cu veins, of disseminated Cu and Mo porphyry-like deposits, and of the kyanite-andalusite-pyrophyllite deposits are of considerable significance. On the basis of a characterization of these deposits and their regional setting, it can be concluded that (1) the eastern parts of the CSB in North Carolina were dominated by subaerial to shallow marine conditions with volcaniclastic debris shed westward into a deepening back-arc basin, (2) the major folds of the area were syndepositional, (3) the nonfoliated, postmetamorphic granites are typical of those related to post-tectonic plutonism, (4) the Kings Mountain belt appears to have developed in a similar tectonic setting to the CSB, (5) the aluminosilicate deposits mark significant linear zones of subaerial to shallow submarine volcanism which terminate basinward in volcanic centers, and (6) the western parts of the CSB were dominated by relatively deep water, quiet conditions, distal to volcanic centers. MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED BY THE SOCIETY JULY 8, I9S2 Typeset by CGE Services, Denver, Colorado Printed in U.S.A. by Malloy Lithographing, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan on July 15, 2015 specialpapers.gsapubs.org Downloaded from

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“…Institut fLir Geologie und Pal~ontologie, Braunschweig, FRG Plimer (1978) has suggested that some of the fundamental differences between stratiform base-metal deposits are a result of i) the original magma type related to the mineralisation, and 2) the proximity of the deposit to the volcanic centre.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Rio Tinto and La Zarza deposits in the Iberian pyrite belt are related to a bimodal suite of Carboniferous felsic (keratophyric) and basic (spilitic) volcanics that are not calc-alkaline (Schermerhorn, 1975).…”

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confidence: 99%