PROWAVES: Proactive Runtime Wavelength Selection for Energy-Efficient Photonic NoCs

Narayan, Aditya; Thonnart, Yvain; Vivet, Pascal; Coskun, Ayse K.

doi:10.1109/tcad.2020.3037327

Cited by 14 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…At system level, application-specific mapping methods allow to reduce crosstalk noise [13]. Run-time methods enabling to select the number of used wavelengths according to bandwidth requirement was proposed in [6]. Approximate computing techniques were also investigated to reduce bandwidth requirement [14].…”

Section: A Optical Network On Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MRRs are sensitive to temperature variation, which calls for calibration to compensate the wavelength detuning. To evaluate the calibration power, we consider the Thermal Tuning Efficiency (𝑇𝑇 𝑒 ) of the closed loop feedback system proposed in [6]. Only the rings in connected readers require calibration, which leads to Eq.…”

Section: Ring Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they suffer from high static power consumption, which is mostly due to losses experienced by optical signals and devices calibration requirements. Indeed, optical devices are sensitive to manufacturing process and thermal variations, which call for constant calibration of resonating devices such as ring resonators [6]. To reduce the static power consumption of nanophotonic interconnects, we investigate the use of Phase Change Material (PCM) elements to bypass unused optical devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Volatile Phase Change Material based Nanophotonic Interconnect

Zolfaghari

Ortiz

Killian

et al. 2022

2022 Design, Automation &Amp; Test in Europe Conference &Amp; Exhibition (DATE)

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Integrated optics is a promising technology to take advantage of light propagation for high throughput chip-scale interconnects in many core architectures. A key challenge for the deployment of nanophotonic interconnects is their high static power, which is induced by signal losses and devices calibration. To tackle this challenge, we propose to use Phase Change Material (PCM) to configure optical paths between writers and readers. The non-volatility of PCM elements and the high contrast between crystalline and amorphous phase states allow to bypass unused readers, thus reducing losses and calibration requirements. We evaluate the efficiency of the proposed PCM-based interconnects using system level simulations carried out with SNIPER manycore simulator. For this purpose, we have modified the simulator to partition clusters according to executed applications. Simulation results show that bypassing readers using PCM leads up to 52% communication power saving.

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Section: A Optical Network On Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ring Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Volatile Phase Change Material based Nanophotonic Interconnect

Zolfaghari

Ortiz

Killian

et al. 2022

2022 Design, Automation &Amp; Test in Europe Conference &Amp; Exhibition (DATE)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Silicon-photonic links have enabled high bandwidth-density and low-energy communication between processor and memory [10], [11], [13], [23], [59], [60], [84], [86], [87]. To provide high DRAM internal bandwidth, Beamer et al [13] proposed a joint silicon-photonic link and electro-photonic DRAM design.…”

Section: B Silicon-photonic Links and Opcm Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecting Optically-Controlled Phase Change Memory

Narayan¹,

Thonnart²,

Vivet³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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Phase Change Memory (PCM) is an attractive candidate for main memory as it offers non-volatility and zero leakage power, while providing higher cell densities, longer data retention time, and higher capacity scaling compared to DRAM. In PCM, data is stored in the crystalline or amorphous state of the phase change material. The typical electrically-controlled PCM (EPCM), however, suffers from longer write latency and higher write energy compared to DRAM and limited multi-level cell (MLC) capacities. These challenges limit the performance of data-intensive applications running on computing systems with EPCMs.Recently, researchers demonstrated optically-controlled PCM (OPCM) cells, with support for 5 bits/cell in contrast to 2 bits/cell in EPCM. These OPCM cells can be accessed directly with optical signals that are multiplexed in high-bandwidthdensity silicon-photonic links. The higher MLC capacity in OPCM and the direct cell access using optical signals enable an increased read/write throughput and lower energy per access than EPCM. However, due to the direct cell access using optical signals, OPCM systems cannot be designed using conventional memory architecture. We need a complete redesign of the memory architecture that is tailored to the properties of OPCM technology.This paper presents the design of a unified network and main memory system called COSMOS that combines OPCM and silicon-photonic links to achieve high memory throughput. COSMOS is composed of a hierarchical multi-banked OPCM array with novel read and write access protocols. COSMOS uses an Electrical-Optical-Electrical (E-O-E) control unit to map standard DRAM read/write commands (sent in electrical domain) from the memory controller on to optical signals that access the OPCM cells. Our evaluation of a 2.5D-integrated system containing a processor and COSMOS demonstrates 2.14× average speedup across graph and HPC workloads compared to an EPCM system. COSMOS consumes 3.8× lower read energy-per-bit and 5.97× lower write energy-per-bit compared to EPCM. COSMOS is the first non-volatile memory that provides comparable performance and energy consumption as DDR4 in addition to increased bit density, higher area efficiency and improved scalability.

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“…ONoCs enabling broadcast communication usually include micro-ring resonator (MRR) filters, which allows simultaneous transmission of several signals on a same waveguide by using Wavelength-Division-Multiplexing (WDM). However, a key drawback of MRRs is the calibration power overhead required to compensate fabrication non-uniformity and thermal variation [6]. State-of-the-art calibration requires 150 µW per MRR [7] and a minimum of 2N MRRs would be required for N-core architectures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy efficient on-chip optical broadcast with partial-absorption photodiodes

Cardoso

Arif

Zrounba

et al. 2022

2022 20th IEEE Interregional NEWCAS Conference (NEWCAS)

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As we enter in the 1000-core era, broadcast-enabled interconnects are needed to synchronize processors and maintain cache coherency. While silicon photonics is a promising technology to deliver high bandwidth communications, there are currently no photonic links enabling energy efficient broadcast. Indeed, existing solutions rely on thermally sensitive microring resonators that require continuous calibration. We propose an on-chip optical link dedicated to broadcast that relies on partialabsorption photodiodes, which allow to evenly distribute the broadcasted signal power to all receivers. Since a single wavelength is used, no ring resonators are required, thus allowing a 39% reduction in the broadcast energy consumption.

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PROWAVES: Proactive Runtime Wavelength Selection for Energy-Efficient Photonic NoCs

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Non-Volatile Phase Change Material based Nanophotonic Interconnect

Non-Volatile Phase Change Material based Nanophotonic Interconnect

Architecting Optically-Controlled Phase Change Memory

Energy efficient on-chip optical broadcast with partial-absorption photodiodes

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