Provision of frequency-regulation reserves by distributed energy resources: Best practices and barriers to entry

Borne, Olivier; Petit, Marc; Pérez, Yannick

doi:10.1109/eem.2016.7521215

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The next result states the properties of the ramp rate function (11) for a tree network. The proof, given in the Appendix, is based on the description of the feasible region in terms of the power levels of the controllable nodes stated in Lemma A.1.…”

Section: Ramp Rate Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] proposes the use of aggregators to integrate heterogeneous loads such as heat pumps, supermarket refrigerators and batteries present in industrial buildings to provide frequency regulation. The work [11] describes the challenges that need to be overcome for providing frequency regulation by DERs for some European countries. The work [12] provides a framework to emulate virtual power plants (VPPs) via aggregations of DERs and provide regulation services taking into account the power flow constraints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Participation of Microgrids in Frequency Regulation Markets

Srivastava

Chang

Cortés

2018

2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC)

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Distributed energy resources (DERs) are playing an increasing role in ancillary services for the bulk grid, particularly in frequency regulation. In this paper, we propose a framework for collections of DERs, combined to form microgrids and controlled by aggregators, to participate in frequency regulation markets. Our approach covers both the identification of bids for the market clearing stage and the mechanisms for the real-time allocation of the regulation signal. The proposed framework is hierarchical, consisting of a top layer and a bottom layer. The top layer consists of the aggregators communicating in a distributed fashion to optimally disaggregate the regulation signal requested by the system operator. The bottom layer consists of the DERs inside each microgrid whose power levels are adjusted so that the tie line power matches the output of the corresponding aggregator in the top layer. The coordination at the top layer requires the knowledge of cost functions, ramp rates and capacity bounds of the aggregators. We develop meaningful abstractions for these quantities respecting the power flow constraints and taking into account the load uncertainties, and propose a provably correct distributed algorithm for optimal disaggregation of regulation signal amongst the microgrids.

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Section: Ramp Rate Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of Microgrids in Frequency Regulation Markets

Srivastava

Chang

Cortés

2018

2018 Annual American Control Conference (ACC)

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“…How to coordinate flexible loads to build demand response capacity was illustrated in [4]. Recent studies also explored other transactive energy applications for DERs, such as ancillary services [5]- [7] and peer-to-peer energy trading [8]. However, the above studies adopted centralized solution methods, which causes privacy concerns and operational problems, as DERs are often owned by independent prosumers.…”

Section: A Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Blockchain for The Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources

Yang,

Wang

2021

Preprint

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The fast growth of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as distributed renewables (e.g., rooftop PV panels), energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and controllable appliances, drives the power system toward a decentralized system with bidirectional power flow. The coordination of DERs through an aggregator, such as a utility, system operator, or a third-party coordinator, emerges as a promising paradigm. However, it is not well understood how to enable trust between the aggregator and DERs to integrate DERs efficiently. In this paper, we develop a trustable and distributed coordination system for DERs using blockchain technology. We model various DERs and formulate a cost minimization problem for DERs to optimize their energy trading, scheduling, and demand response. We use the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to solve the problem in a distributed fashion. To implement the distributed algorithm in a trustable way, we design a smart contract to update multipliers and communicate with DERs in a blockchain network. We validate our design by experiments using real-world data, and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm.

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Exploring Blockchain for The Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources

Yang

Wang

2021

2021 55th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS)

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Provision of frequency-regulation reserves by distributed energy resources: Best practices and barriers to entry

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Participation of Microgrids in Frequency Regulation Markets

Participation of Microgrids in Frequency Regulation Markets

Exploring Blockchain for The Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources

Exploring Blockchain for The Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources

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