Provision and usage of open government data: strategic transformation paths

Abstract

Purpose To create the expected value and benefits through open data, appropriate provision and usage of data are required simultaneously. However, the level of provision and usage of open data differs from country to country. Moreover, previous research on open data has only focused on either open data provision or usage. To fill the research gap, the purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to understand the current status of the provision and usage of open data; second, to identify patterns in the provision and usage of open data; and third, to provide appropriate future directions and guidelines for the transformation paths of each pattern. Design/methodology/approach The authors analyzed the data collected from open data portals of 13 countries that provide information on the provision and usage of open data together. Findings The authors identified four patterns of the provision and usage of open data, namely, availability-driven, government-driven, market-driven and interaction-driven patterns. Furthermore, three strategic paths of transformation reach a high level of open data provision and usage, namely, data provision-focused, data usage-focused and balanced transformation paths. Originality/value This study provides a foundation that enables researchers to build a holistic theory that can integrate fragmented and incomplete knowledge of open data and usage, particularly in the context of government.

Characteristics of Open Government Data (OGD) Around the World: A Country-based Comparative Meta-Analysis

“…Research studies on OGDs either focused on a single country (e.g., Tang, et al, 2019;Wang, Shepherd, & Button, 2019;Wieczorkowski & Pawełoszek, 2018) or investigated multiple countries in one study (e.g., Yi, 2019;Nayek, 2018;Lourenço, 2015). As an example of a multi-country investigation, Ham, Koo, and Lee (2019) covered 13 countries from North America, Europe, Asia, South America, and Oceania. Ham et al (2019) focused on comparing the diverse open data readiness, implementation, and impact among the 13 countries.…”

“…As an example of a multi-country investigation, Ham, Koo, and Lee (2019) covered 13 countries from North America, Europe, Asia, South America, and Oceania. Ham et al (2019) focused on comparing the diverse open data readiness, implementation, and impact among the 13 countries.…”

“…The present study intends to address this research gap by answering research questions about OGD levels, data formats, datasets, and data categories. Canada: Gill & Corbett (2017), Lourenço (2015); Mexico: Bonina & Eaton (2020), Sandoval-Almazan & Styrin (2018; USA: Ham et al (2019), Khurshid et al (2019), Lourenço (2015), Nayek (2018), Quarati & Martino (2019), Sandoval-Almazan & Styrin (2018), Tang et al (2019), Washington & Morar (2017), Wieczorkowski & Pawełoszek (2018), Xiao et al (2018), Yi…”

“…Argentina: Bonina & Eaton (2020), Rumbul (2016); Brazil: Ham et al (2019), Machado, Mantini, Viterbo, Bernardini,& Barcellos (2018), Oliveira, Oliveira, Oliveira, & Lóscio (2016; Chile: Gonzalez-Zapata (2018) [dissertation] Columbia: Quarati & Martino (2019); Uruguay: Bonina & Eaton ( 2020)…”

“…Ham et al (2019),Radl, Skopek, Komendera, Jäger, & Mödritscher(2013); Belgium: de Juana-Espinosa & Luján-Mora (2020); Bulgaria: de Juana-Espinosa & Luján-Mora (2020); Croatia: de Juana-Espinosa & Luján-Mora (2020); Czech Republic: de Juana-Espinosa & Luján-Mora (2020); Denmark:Gomes & Soares (2014); Estonia:McBride, Toots, Kalvet, & Krimmer(2018); France:Ham et al (2019),Lourenço (2015),Ruijer, Détienne, Baker, Groff, & Meijer (2020),Quarati & Martino (2019); Germany:Ham et al (2019),Wieczorkowski & Pawełoszek, (2018); Greece:Alexopoulos, Loukis, Mouzakitis, Petychakis, & Charalabidis(2018); Italy:Gomes & Soares (2014); Ireland:Fitzpatrick (2012), Quarati & Martino (2019), Sandoval-Almazan & Styrin (2018); Latvia: Quarati & Martino (2019); Moldova: Ham et al (2019); Netherlands: Ruijer, Détienne, Baker, Groff, & Meijer (2020), Safarov (2019); Norway: Gomes & Soares (2014), Ham et al (2019); Poland: Quarati & Martino (2019), Wieczorkowski & Pawełoszek, (2018); Portugal: Gomes & Soares (2014), Ham et al (2019), Quarati & Martino (2019); Russia: Koznov, Andreeva, Nikula, Maglyas, Muromtsev, & Radchenko (2016), Quarati & Martino (2019), Sandoval-Almazan & Styrin (2018); Slovenia: Quarati & Martino (2019); Spain: Gomes & Soares (2014), Ham et al (2019), Ubladi (2013); Sweden: Safarov (2019); UK: Fitzpatrick (2012), Gomes & Soares (2014), Ham et al (2019), Khurshid et al (2019), Lourenço (2015), Nayek (2018), Quarati & Martino (2019), Safarov (2019), Sandoval-Almazan & Styrin (2018), Talukder et al (2019), Wang & Shepherd (2020), Wieczorkowski & Pawełoszek, (2018), Yi (2018) Asia (n=23) Bahrain: Saxena-f (2018); Bangladesh: Talukder, Shen, Hossain Talukder, & Bao(2019); China (w/HK): Wang et al (2018); Cyprus: de Juana-Espinosa & Luján-Mora (2019), Saxena-a. (2017); India: Ham et al (2019), Nayek (2018), Quarati & Martino (2019), Saxena-b.…”