Provincial Power in a Centralizing China: The Politics of Domestic and International “Development Space”

The Role of Foreign Economic Relations of China on the Modern Stage and Its Impact on Kazakhstan

“…At a rate overhead normal, trade income with states along the "Belt and Way" improved, which amounted to 8.37 trillion Yuan that is 13.3 percent greater than in 2018 (Jaros and Tan, 2020).…”

How does policy innovation diffuse among Chinese local governments? A qualitative comparative analysis of River Chief Innovation

“…The ongoing recentralization in China further strengthens the vertical authority in local policy-making. Since taking office in 2012, Chinese President Xi Jinping has taken multipronged efforts to centralize power and tighten the control of local governments (Jaros & Tan, 2020). This leads to the shift to a more top-down "Top-Level Design" (Ahlers, 2018), in that local governments collect information but the center responds, rather than local governments respond directly (Qiaoan & Teets, 2020).…”

Report on China’s shipbuilding industry and policies affecting it

“…Jaros and Y. Tan for instance demonstrates how provinces have used their so-called ''development space'' to divert from central objectives towards provincial priorities, notably to strategic investment projects with tangible results. 54 For these reasons, there may be less coherence between all different policy initiatives than assumed. 55 The establishment of the Leading Group for the Building of a National Manufacturing Power 56 intends to meet this need.…”