Background
Adherence to a minimum level of recommended content during the first Antenatal care (ANC) is low in Ethiopia but less is known about if there is an association between the level of adherence to focused ANC guideline and pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the relationship between the level of adherence to Ethiopian ANC guidelines during the first visit and maternal complications that occur during the antepartum period.
Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted in Gondar town public health facilities from May, 2019, to January, 2020. A total of 832 pregnant women with gestational age < 28 weeks who came for their first ANC visit were enrolled and followed until their last visit or before the commencement of labor. An 18-point checklist was used to record the level of providers’ adherence. Clients who received all the components in the ANC guideline during the first visit adhered to by the provider were considered as an exposed group. A Log-binomial model was used to examine the relationship between the level of adherence to the guideline and the risk of antenatal complications. The adjusted Relative Risk (ARR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was reported in the final model.
Result
A total of 808 pregnant women were included in the final analysis. Complete providers’ adherence was associated with a lower risk of anemia (ARR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.94), but with a higher risk for Pregnancy-induced hypertension (ARR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.81).
Conclusions
Complete providers’ adherence to the first ANC guideline influences maternal complications during antepartum period. Therefore, improving the level of adherence by the provider to the ANC guideline during the first visit is very important.