Provenance and tectonic setting of the Early Permian sedimentary succession in the southern edge of the Sydney Basin, eastern Australia

Abstract

Permian basins formed during a major phase of crustal extension are common throughout eastern Gondwana. One of these basins, the Sydney Basin, has not been subjected to geochemical studies aimed at determining the sedimentary provenance and the tectonic setting. This study provides new geochemical data of the Lower Permian siliciclastic successions in the southern edge of the Sydney Basin. Published petrographic analysis indicates a source area containing sedimentary, felsic volcanic, plutonic, and low-grade metamorphic rocks. Major, trace and rare earth element data suggest that the clastic rocks are geochemically mature and originated from a continental source that has been subjected to moderate to strong weathering. Further, they indicate that most source rocks were of felsic composition and that only the oldest sediments possess a more mafic signature. The provenance data presented in this study, along with published palaeocurrent data, point to the Lachlan orogen being the main source of sediments for the basin. Multi-dimensional discrimination diagrams suggest a continental rift setting and agree with the published sequence stratigraphic framework that suggests a deepening-upward depositional trend associated with tectonic subsidence. This study documents geochemically the provenance of the sedimentary successions within the southern edge of the Sydney Basin and the continental rift origin of the basin.

Geochemical and Organic Petrological Characteristics of the Bituminous Carbonate Succession (Upper Cretaceous Shu’ayb Formation) in Northern Jordan: Implications for Organic Matter Input and Paleosalinity, Paleoredox, and Paleoclimatic Conditions

“…The chemical composition of sediment fractions is reflected by the accumulated siliciclastic and carbonate mineral-associated elements . Aluminum (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium (TiO 3 ), silicon (SiO 2 ), sodium (NaO), and magnesium (MgO) are associated with minerals derived from the land such as quartz and clays , and frequently used to estimate the detrital influx. , For example, the relative abundance of Si, and thus Si/Al, in a predominantly detrital interval can be used as a reliable proxy for relative changes in the proportions of silt to clay fractions . In this case, the high Si/Al ratio indicates coarse grain size of clastic sediments during deposition. , …”

Facies analysis, biostratigraphy, and provenance of the late Neogene Seulimeum Formation, Northwest Aceh basin, Sumatra (Indonesia)

“…The modal analysis was utilized by the hybrid-point counting method, which combines the criteria and petrographic categories of the classic method (QFR) and the Gazzi-Dickinson method (QFL) (e.g., Ref. [ 38 ]). A total of 1000 points per thin section were counted with the counting grid settled with a 2 mm vertical and 1/3 mm horizontal separation.…”

Mineralogical and elemental geochemical characteristics of Taodonggou Group in Taibei Sag , Turpan-Hami Basin: Implication for Source sink system and evolution history of lake basin

“…Ti, Si and Al are relatively stable during diagenesis and are usually used as indicators of debris flux input (Algeo and Maynard, 2004;Maravelis et al, 2021). Generally, Ti in sediments comes from ilmenite (FeTiO3) or rutile (TiO2), while Al can exist in feldspar, clay minerals and other aluminum silicate minerals (Algeo and Maynard, 2004).…”