Provenance and depositional conditions of fluvial conglomerates and sandstones and their controlling processes in a rift setting, mid-Permian lower and upper Quanzijie low order cycles, Bogda Mountains, NW China

Detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology of the Permian strata in the Turpan–Hami Basin in North Xinjiang, NW China: Depositional age, provenance, and tectonic implications

“…The Turpan–Hami Basin and its surrounding regions were characterized by distributed normal faulting under a post‐collision extensional setting during the latest Carboniferous–Early Permian (Gu et al, ; Xia et al, ). Then, this area formed numerous small half‐grabens and grabens, and thus, the prolonged transportation can be ruled out because proximal sedimentation was prevailing (Obrist‐Farner & Yang, ). Collectively, the sedimentary sequences of sample LN‐3 should not be classified as part of the Carboniferous Sumuke Formation, and the samples in this study were all deposited in Permian time.…”

“…Additionally, this area is a key laboratory for the study of a critical transition between the Palaeozoic continental amalgamation and the Meso‐Cenozoic intracontinental evolution during Permian (Allen, Şengör, & Natal'In, ; Carroll, Graham, Hendrix, Ying, & Zhou, ; Chen, Shu, & Santosh, ; Hendrix et al, ; Jolivet et al, ; Şengör, Natal'in, & Burtman, ; Shu et al, ; Windley, Allen, Zhang, Zhao, & Wang, ; Xiao et al, ; S. Zhao et al, ). A number of studies have been carried out in this region and proposed different tectonic models, including (a) contractional tectonic regime and foreland basins throughout the Permian (He et al, ; H. Liu, Liang, Cai, Xia, & Liu, ); (b) post‐collision extensional tectonic regime and rift basins during the Permian (Fang et al, ; D. Liu et al, ; Obrist‐Farner & Yang, ; J. Wang, Wu, et al, ); (c) strike‐slip tectonic regime and transtensional basins (Allen et al, ); and (d) Early–Middle Permian post‐collision extensional tectonic regime and rift basins, while tectonic contraction and inversion occurred during the Late Permian (J. Wang, Cao, et al, ; Wartes et al, ). It is worth pointing out that most of these conclusions were made based on structural deformation (Wartes et al, ), sedimentology (Allen et al, ; Fang et al, ; Obrist‐Farner & Yang, ; J. Wang, Cao, et al, ; Wartes et al, ), and detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology (D. Liu et al, ; J. Wang, Wu, et al, ) of outcrop sections within the Eastern Tianshan area, with very limited subsurface and intrabasinal data.…”

“…Liu, Liang, Cai, Xia, & Liu, 1994); (b) post-collision extensional tectonic regime and rift basins during the Permian (Fang et al, 2006;D. Liu et al, 2017;Obrist-Farner & Yang, 2017; J. Wang, Wu, et al, 2018); (c) strike-slip tectonic regime and transtensional basins (Allen et al, 1995); and (d) Early-Middle Permian post-collision extensional tectonic regime and rift basins, while tectonic contraction and inversion occurred during the Late Permian (J.…”

“…Well location of Well LN1 is shown in Figure 1c. NTS: North Tianshan subunit; CTS: Central Tianshan subunit; STS: South Tianshan subunit [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] out that most of these conclusions were made based on structural deformation (Wartes et al, 2002), sedimentology (Allen et al, 1995;Fang et al, 2006;Obrist-Farner & Yang, 2017;J. Wang, Cao, et al, 2018;Wartes et al, 2002), and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology (D. Liu et al, 2017;J.…”

“…Additionally, some detrital zircons in sample LN-3 are smaller and rounder than those in samples LN-2 and LN-1 (Figure 5) although they have nearly identical detrital zircon age spectra, implying that some detrital zircons from sample LN-3 experienced a prolonged and/or possibly multicycle transportation.TheTurpan-Hami Basin and its surrounding regions were characterized by distributed normal faulting under a post-collision extensional setting during the latest Carboniferous-Early Permian(Gu et al, 2000;Xia et al, 2004). Then, this area formed numerous small half-grabens and grabens, and thus, the prolonged transportation can be ruled out because proximal sedimentation was prevailing(Obrist-Farner & Yang, 2017). Collectively, the sedimentary sequences of sample LN-3 should not be classified as part of the Carboniferous Sumuke Formation, and the samples in this study were all deposited in Permian time.…”