Protozoan parasites in a wastewater treatment plant of Bangladesh

Khanum, Hamida; Khanam, S Shanjida; Sultana, Munawar; Uddin, MdEkhlas; Dhar, Ripon Chandra; Islam, M. S.

doi:10.3329/ujzru.v31i0.15372

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Microscopic observations revealed the presence of protozoan parasite Giardia in sewage water. Also, Entamoeba coli, Endolymax nana, Iodoamoeba butschlii and Balantidium coli were found (Khanum et al 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of <i>Giardia</i> in the effluents of a waste water treatment plant in Dhaka

Khanum

Khanam

Sultana

et al. 2012

Bangladesh J. Zool.

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The present study was designed for the qualitative and quantitative detection of Giardia in the Pagla Sewage Treatment Plant (PSTP) in Dhaka. The physico-chemical parameters of the sewage water were also recorded. Total 72 raw and treated samples were collected from PSTP throughout the year 2008 and these were processed with the Formol-Ether Concentration method and IMS followed by microscopy to identify Giardia in the sewage water. The protozoan parasite Giardia was abundant (2.23±1.44 × 105 cyst/l) in the sewage water dominating the sampling sites-Grit chamber (44%), Measuring chamber (34%) and Outlet lagoon (38%). A low abundance of Giardia in the PSTP starting from the first point to the last one indicates the waste water treatment efficiency for removal of the pathogen. A significant correlation was found for log (number of Giardia +1) with turbidity (r= 0.729) and TDS (r= 0.536) at 0.01level.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v39i2.10578 Bangladesh J. Zool. 39(2): 147-156, 2011

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of <i>Giardia</i> in the effluents of a waste water treatment plant in Dhaka

Khanum

Khanam

Sultana

et al. 2012

Bangladesh J. Zool.

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“…Similarly to raw untreated wastewater the treated one may pose the same though reduced risk for water and the environment (Slifko et al, 2000). For example, Khanum et al (2012) observed the presence of protozoa in municipal wastewater from wastewater treatment plants and confi rmed their survival ability during treatment processes. Analysis of treated wastewater validated the presence of protozoa such as Giardia spp., Entamoeba spp., Entamoeba coli, Endolimax nana, Idoamoeba butschlii, and Balantidium coli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological risks of endoparasitoses spread by municipal waste water

Dudlová¹,

Juriš²,

Jarčuška³

et al. 2015

Helminthologia

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SummaryThe occurrence of developmental stages of endoparasite germs (cysts, oocysts, protozoa, and helminth eggs) as an indirect detection factor of endoparasitoses circulation in the environment, was examined in raw municipal wastewater, sludge and biologically cleaned waste water. Examination of municipal wastewater and sludge from fi ve monitored wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in east Slovakia, from various fractions of municipal wastewater, confi rmed 35.87 % positivity of samples for the endoparasitic germs. Among of all analysed samples 11.09 % were protozoan oo(cysts) and 20.87 % were helminth eggs. 3.91 % of samples showed positivity to both the helminth eggs and protozoan oo(cysts). In the raw wastewater the protozoa comprised of Giardia spp. (1.08 %) and Entamoeba spp. (1.08 %). The helminth eggs primarily consisted of Ascaris spp. (4.35 %) and strongyle-type eggs (3.26 %). No germs of protozoa or helminths were found in the treated wastewater. However, the highest presence of the germs was found in drained stabilised sludge. The average number of oo(cysts)/kg was 2.86±0.24 and the average number of helminth eggs/kg was 5.77±0.09. In all kinds of sludge, obtained during the process of wastewater treatment, there were protozoan (Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba spp.) and helminths eggs (Ascaris spp., Trichuris spp., Taenia spp., Hymenolepis spp., or strongyle-type eggs) presented. In drained (condensed) stabilised sludge the eggs of Capillaria spp. and Toxocara spp. were also detected. From the epidemiological aspect the sewage sludge, due to high concentration of protozoal oo(cysts) or helminth eggs, represents a signifi cant epidemiological risk for the endoparasitoses dissemination.

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“…The transmissive stage of G. duodenalis is a dormant cyst (Adam, 2001) and infection, known as giardiasis, can cause acute diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, malabsorption, and weight loss (Fletcher et al, 2012). Other pathogenic protozoa, including Cyclospora, Entamoeba histolytica (which causes amoebic dysentery), Isospora belli, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi, have also been reported in outbreaks of waterborne illness (Khanum et al, 2013).…”

Section: Protozoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen and Particle Associations in Wastewater

Chahal

Akker

Young

et al. 2016

Advances in Applied Microbiology

137

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Disinfection guidelines exist for pathogen inactivation in potable water and recycled water, but wastewater with high numbers of particles can be more difficult to disinfect, making compliance with the guidelines problematic. Disinfection guidelines specify that drinking water with turbidity ≥1 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) is not suitable for disinfection and therefore not fit for purpose. Treated wastewater typically has higher concentrations of particles (1-10NTU for secondary treated effluent). Two processes widely used for disinfecting wastewater are chlorination and ultraviolet radiation. In both cases, particles in wastewater can interfere with disinfection and can significantly increase treatment costs by increasing operational expenditure (chemical demand, power consumption) or infrastructure costs by requiring additional treatment processes to achieve the required levels of pathogen inactivation. Many microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, protozoans) associate with particles, which can allow them to survive disinfection processes and cause a health hazard. Improved understanding of this association will enable development of cost-effective treatment, which will become increasingly important as indirect and direct potable reuse of wastewater becomes more widespread in both developed and developing countries. This review provides an overview of wastewater and associated treatment processes, the pathogens in wastewater, the nature of particles in wastewater and how they interact with pathogens, and how particles can impact disinfection processes.

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Protozoan parasites in a wastewater treatment plant of Bangladesh

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Occurrence of <i>Giardia</i> in the effluents of a waste water treatment plant in Dhaka

Occurrence of <i>Giardia</i> in the effluents of a waste water treatment plant in Dhaka

Epidemiological risks of endoparasitoses spread by municipal waste water

Pathogen and Particle Associations in Wastewater

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