Protozoa inhibition by different salts: Osmotic stress or ionic stress?

Li, Changhao; Li, Jingya; Lan, Christopher Q.; Liao, Dankui

doi:10.1002/btpr.2510

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The effects of 160 mM NaHCO 3 on cell growth, lipid production, and morphology of C. vulgaris were studied in comparison to that of 160 mM NaCl for three reasons: (1) 160 mM NaCl has an osmotic pressure similar to that of 160 mM NaHCO 3 in the pH range of 7.5–9.5; (2) NaCl concentration (i.e., salinity) has been commonly studied as a factor affecting both cell growth and lipid production of microalgae, including C. vulgaris ; and (3) similar to 160 mM NaHCO 3 , 160 mM NaCl was demonstrated to be able to control protozoa in a recent study as well [ 14 ] and could be used to replace NaHCO 3 for that purpose if it is more beneficial in terms of cell growth, lipid production, or other applications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sodium bicarbonate on cell growth, lipid accumulation, and morphology of Chlorella vulgaris

Lan

et al. 2018

Microb Cell Fact

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BackgroundLow concentration NaHCO3 (ca. 12 mM) had been demonstrated to be an excellent carbon source for industrially important green alga Chlorella vulgaris and high concentration NaHCO3 (e.g. 160 mM) had been shown to be capable of controlling protozoa and stimulating lipid accumulation of another green alga, i.e., Neochloris oleoabundans. Furthermore, little was known about the mechanisms of the effects of NaHCO3 on microalgae. Thorough studies on the effects of high NaHCO3 on C. vulgaris and their mechanisms were therefore warranted.MethodsWe systematically compared the cell growth, lipid production, and cell morphology of the industrially important C. vulgaris in 160 mM NaHCO3 or 160 mM NaCl media at different pH levels. These data allowed us to analyze the effects of total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and individual DIC species on C. vulgaris. Cell growth of C. vulgaris at a range of concentrations at 160 mM or lower was also studied.ResultsCellular lipid cell content of 494 mg g−1 and lipid productivity of 44.5 mg L−1 day−1 were obtained at 160 mM NaHCO3 and pH 9.5. High concentration NaHCO3 (e.g. 160 mM) was inhibitive to cell growth but stimulating to lipid accumulation and caused unicellular C. vulgaris to transfer to colonial cells. Increasing pH in the range of 7.5–9.5 caused increasing inhibition to cell growth in 160 mM NaCl. Whereas the optimal pH for cell growth was 8.5 for 160 mM NaHCO3 cultures. Comparative experiments with 0–160 mM NaHCO3 indicate that 10 mM was the optimal concentration and increasing NaHCO3 from 10 to 160 mM caused increasing inhibition to cell growth.ConclusionsHigh concentration DIC was inhibitor to cell growth but stimulator to lipid accumulation of C. vulgaris. It caused unicellular C. vulgaris to transform to colonial cells. Results suggest that high concentration of a particular DIC species, i.e., dCO2, was the primary stress responsible for cell growth inhibition. Where CO32− was likely the DIC species responsible for lipid stimulation of C. vulgaris. Furthermore, we propose that the colony formation at high DIC conditions was employed by C. vulgaris to mitigate the stress by minimizing cell exposure to unfavorable environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sodium bicarbonate on cell growth, lipid accumulation, and morphology of Chlorella vulgaris

Lan

et al. 2018

Microb Cell Fact

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“…Таким образом, экотоксикологическая оценка солевых растворов должна учитывать осморегуляторные процессы в клетках простейших организмов. Ионный стресс, приводящий к осмотическому, влияет на целостность мембраны, что может приводить к её разрыву и гибели клетки, поскольку мембраны большинства живых клеток являются избирательно проницаемыми, то есть пропускают определённые молекулы или ионы растворённых веществ [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: заключениеunclassified

Estimation of the influence of deicing materials influence on single-cell organisms: a case study of Tetrahymena pyriformis

Donerian

Vodyanova

2021

Hygiene and Sanitation

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Introduction. Deicing materials (DIM) have technical recommendations for the application to ensure road safety. However, they do not have shared values governing their permissible levels for environmental objects and public health. There are no guidelines for assessing their toxic properties either. The research shows that to solve practical goals, it is necessary to scientifically substantiate the methodology of hygienic assessment of DIMs as a separate group of substances, taking into account their effective concentrations bio testing methods. DIM are saline solutions, and therefore it is worth considering a cell or a unicellular organism as a model to predict their effect on biological objects. However, the methodology for assessing environmental objects’ toxicity using Tetrahymena pyriformis ciliates has been approved only for domestic water supply. The purpose of this study is to update the methodology for determining the toxicity of DIM solutions by the generative function of Tetrahymena pyriformis ciliates. It considers the high salt content appropriate within the framework of a comprehensive hygienic assessment of reagents. Materials and methods. The research made an ecotoxicological assessment of 2 deicing materials with different ratios of chlorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals and evaluating the same reagents’ actual chemical composition using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and ion chromatography. Results. The obtained data indicated less pronounced toxicity of DIM with increased content of calcium ions. The permissible levels of DIM influence on the studied test object have been determined. A control comparison sample is provided. Conclusion. The obtained results specify the need to expand the list of controlled indices in the existing methodology. To assess the toxicity of saline solutions using ciliates, the substantial additions must include studying the morphology of cells in the acute experiment (6 hours), in case of their death within the first hour; it is necessary to control their secondary appearance.

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Responses of soil fauna community under changing environmental conditions

Kudureti,

Zhao,

Zhakyp

et al. 2023

J. Arid Land

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Soil faunas account for 23% of known animal species and play a crucial role in ecosystem processes such as mineralizing nutrients, regulating microbial community composition, forming soil aggregates, and enhancing primary productivity. However, due to global climate change, population density, community composition, and distribution patterns of soil fauna vary. Understanding the responses of soil fauna to major environmental change facilitate the conservation of biodiversity. Therefore, a review work of recent researches for analysing the effects of key environmental factors on soil fauna, such as warming, drought, food quality, and soil physical-chemical properties was studied. For most species, warming may exert a positive effect on their abundance and population development, however, it can inhibit the survival and reproduction of hibernating species. Drought leads to low soil porosity and water holding capacity, which reduces soil fauna population and changes their community composition. Drought also can reduce the coverage of flora and alter microclimate of the soil surface, which in turn indirectly reduces fauna abundance. Climate warming and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide can reduce litter quality, which will force soil fauna to change their dietary choices (from higher-quality foods to poor quality foods) and reduce reproduction for survival. However, it is still predicted that enhanced species richness of plant (or litter) mixtures will positively affect soil fauna diversity. Habitat loss caused by the deterioration of soil physical-chemical property is primary factor affecting soil fauna. We mainly discuss the threats of increased salinity (a major factor in arid land) to soil fauna and their potential responses to anthropogenic disturbance in saline soils. The increase in soil salinity can override other factors that favour habitat specialists, leading to negative effects on soil fauna. Moreover, we find that more studies are needed to explore the responses of soil fauna in saline soils to human activities. And the relationship of important ecological processes with soil fauna density, community structure, and diversity needs to be redefined.

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Protozoa inhibition by different salts: Osmotic stress or ionic stress?

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of sodium bicarbonate on cell growth, lipid accumulation, and morphology of Chlorella vulgaris

Effects of sodium bicarbonate on cell growth, lipid accumulation, and morphology of Chlorella vulgaris

Estimation of the influence of deicing materials influence on single-cell organisms: a case study of Tetrahymena pyriformis

Responses of soil fauna community under changing environmental conditions

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