Prototype of social-ecological system’s resilience analysis using a dynamic index

Comparative Resilience Evaluation—Case Study for Six Cities in China, Europe, and the Americas

“…As an example, in the health dimension, the higher the proportion of the vulnerable population, the lower the resilience of this city because it is more exposed to environmental extremes such as high temperatures or floods. All indicators were integrated using a Cobb-Douglaslike function [16,53].…”

“…Recently, several attempts were made to integrate data into a replicable index applicable to the urban realm [13][14][15][16][17][18] without providing an exhaustive list. These initiatives embraced the multiple dimensions of the city environment related to resilience, with emphasis on infrastructure [17], water supply [19], COVID-19 epidemic [20] integrated social-ecological systems [16], and others.…”

“…Recently, several attempts were made to integrate data into a replicable index applicable to the urban realm [13][14][15][16][17][18] without providing an exhaustive list. These initiatives embraced the multiple dimensions of the city environment related to resilience, with emphasis on infrastructure [17], water supply [19], COVID-19 epidemic [20] integrated social-ecological systems [16], and others. Some of these works were operationalized in a very simple and smart form [15,21]; others had their variables integrated linearly into one index [22][23][24][25], which might be discussed vis a vis the possibility of full substitutability of their variables as stated in the discussion of strong vs. weak sustainability [26]; most of these works were based on one or a couple of cities with few exceptions for comparative cases (e.g., Suárez et al, 2016) [5].…”

How social-ecological systems resilience unfolds from distinct worldviews

“…Resilience, as modeled here, comes from the interactions of people (between themselves and with nature) that create and adapt institutions at multiple levels, according to their social and cultural arrangements (biased by worldviews). This interaction is described by Biggs et al (2015) and modeled by Oliveira et al (2022b). Usually, these institutions are politically supported by part of this society while at the same time contested by other parts (Ney and Thompson, 2000).…”

“…Building on Biggs et al's (2015) definition, resilience is supported by seven underpinning principles: (1) diversity, (2) connectivity, (3) the management of slow variables, (4) the understanding of the system as complex and adaptive, (5) learning, (6) participation, and (7) policentricity. In a previous study (Oliveira et al, 2022b), we showed a prototype model for a resilience index (namely, the Dynamic Resilience Index-DRI) in which we embraced these principles in a system dynamics model. The idea was to build a numerical simulation of resilience, based on Biggs et al (2015), to explore how resilience would behave in the future, in a dynamics model, with several ecosystem services.…”