Prototype of a primary calibration system for measurement of radon activity concentration

Mostafa, Mostafa; Vasyanovich, M. E.; Zhukovsky, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2015.10.014

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The detector effi ciency is 15% for Pu-239 line with 20% uncertainty. For each screen of diffusion battery, plate of impactor, and backup fi lter used, the effi ciency was comparable with that using standard high-purity germanium detector [26,27]. Therefore, the absolute alpha activity on the wire screen or the cascade impactor plate can be easy calculated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols on particle size distribution in indoor air and in a radon chamber

2019

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Particle size distribution is an important factor governing whether aerosols can be deposited in various respiratory tract regions in humans. Recently, electronic cigarette (EC), as the alternative of tobacco cigarette, has become increasingly popular all over the world. However, emissions from ECs may contribute to both indoor and outdoor air pollution; moreover, comments about their safety remain controversial, and the number of users is increasing rapidly. In this investigation, aerosols were generated from ECs and studied in the indoor air and in a chamber under controlled conditions of radon concentration. The generated aerosols were characterized in terms of particle number concentrations, size, and activity distributions by using aerosol diffusion spectrometer (ADS), diffusion battery, and cascade impactor. The range of ADS assessment was from 10−3 μm to 10 μm. The number concentration of the injected aerosol particles was between 40 000 and 100 000 particles/cm3. The distribution of these particles was the most within the ultrafine particle size range (0–0.2 μm), and the other particle were in the size range from 0.3 μm to 1 μm. The surface area distribution and the mass size distribution are presented and compared with bimodal distribution. In the radon chamber, all distributions were clearly bimodal, as the free radon decay product was approximately 1 nm in diameter, with a fraction of ~0.7 for a clean chamber (without any additional source of aerosols). The attached fraction with the aerosol particles from the ECs had a size not exceeding 1.0 μm.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosols on particle size distribution in indoor air and in a radon chamber

2019

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“…A 60-minute diffusion mode was standard for our version of the AlphaGUARD PQ2000Pro equipment. This AlphaGUARD was calibrated using a NIST calibration source (Mostafa et al, 2016). Using the NIST source, the calibration error (including source activity error, random errors during measurements, etc.)…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absolute detection efficiency for the 214 Bi line (609.3 keV) was found to be 2.05 x 10 -2 ±3% for the 95% confidence interval. The uncertainty in this detection efficiency was obtained by the least squares method using the experimental data of the energy dependence detection efficiency in the Spectra Line Ultimate Gamma Lab program (Mostafa et al, 2015(Mostafa et al, , 2016. The fit quality for this polynomial efficiency was directly tested in each experiment by measuring the total absorption peaks of the Cs standard source with the activity 10.64 ±0.19 kBq (P = 0.99 and k = 2.58), traceable to the same set of calibration sources, E γ = 661.66 keV (close to the energy line of 214 Bi, i.e., 609.3 keV).…”

Section: Radioactivity Measurements Using Germanium Detectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The radon concentration standard system in open flow mode was realised by the pumping of air through an emanation chamber containing the radium source. In this situation, a 226 Ra source with high activity (~33 kBq) was used and the controlling of flow rate was necessary (Mostafa et al, 2016). In this present work, we have upgraded the system with a closed system and used a relatively small activity source of ~4 kBq in the calibration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the existence of a radon standard system for radon sources is very important, over the last year, a series of experiments on radon equilibrium equivalent concentrations (EECs) (Mostafa et al, 2015) were conducted and a radon activity concentration standard system was launched (Mostafa et al, 2016). The radon concentration standard system in open flow mode was realised by the pumping of air through an emanation chamber containing the radium source.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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