Prototype imaging x-ray fluorescence spectrometer based on microchannel plate optics

Price, Gareth J; Fraser, George W.; Pearson, J.F.; Nussey, James Peter; Hutchinson, Ian; Holland, Andrew D.; Turner, Kimberly L.; Pullan, D.

doi:10.1063/1.1764610

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…MPOs are sometimes referred to as “lobster‐eye” optics when used in a curved geometry for X‐ray astronomy . In the 1:1 imaging configuration, the optic is flat and equidistant between the sample surface and the CCD . X‐ray photons are collimated and focused as a result of total reflections at grazing incidence inside the channels.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full‐field XRF instrument for cultural heritage: Application to the study of a Caillebotte painting

et al. 2018

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A novel full‐field X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer developed for cultural heritage applications is presented. Named “CartiX,” it was designed for routine deployment in the field (museum, archeological site) and uses a concept under development at NASA for planetary exploration. CartiX utilizes 2 miniature X‐ray tubes, a square pore Micro‐channel Plate X‐ray Optic, and a direct‐illumination CCD camera to collect spatially resolved X‐ray fluorescence data from an area of 13 x 13 mm2. We report here the application of CartiX to the analysis of a Gustave Caillebotte painting directly in the exhibition room. The Impressionists are renowned for their painting technique and their approach in capturing the effects of light in nature through a new use of color. They adopted innovative artistic practices consisting of short brushstrokes of unmixed colors that barely convey forms and give an effect of spontaneity and effortlessness that masks their often carefully constructed compositions. Here, we use high spatial resolution chemical data measured with CartiX to reveal the artist's complex use of pigments and the formation of alteration products and to help in the interpretation of the artist's choice of materials and their manipulation with small and thin brushstrokes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full‐field XRF instrument for cultural heritage: Application to the study of a Caillebotte painting

et al. 2018

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“…These X-ray sources are small, 0.015 m in diameter with a height of 0.01 m, and powered by a 9 V dry battery. Price et al (2004) have devised an interesting Xray fluorescence imaging spectrometer that can map analytes and X-ray intensity ratio. It was demonstrated, however, that Ba, Ca, Cr, Fe, K, Pb, Si, Sr, Ti and Zn could be detected in glasses (Ida and Kawai 2004a).…”

Section: Neutron Activation Analysis Atomic Absorption and X-ray Flumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors also reported measuring Ba, Br, Co, Cr, I, Mn and Pb at the mg l -1 level in solution, after preconcentration on ion-exchange resins, using the same type of detectors (Ida and Kawai 2004b). Price et al (2004) have devised an interesting Xray fluorescence imaging spectrometer that can map analytes and X-ray intensity ratio. They mapped the Mg/Si X-ray intensity ratio of a square anorthosite slab measuring 0.25 m x 0.25 m. The spatial resolution seems somewhat limited, but the authors argue that the optical system used could be improved.…”

Section: Neutron Activation Analysis Atomic Absorption and X-ray Flumentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutron Activation Analysis, Atomic Absorption and X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Review for 2004–2005

Bèdard¹

2006

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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These technologically mature techniques occupied a stable to modestly increasing sector of the spectrum of analytical methods in Earth and environmental sciences in 2004–5. Despite this, several notable advances were reported in this two year period. In the field of X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry, these included the development of portable synchrotron and total reflection instruments, the use of pyroelectric crystals as X‐ray generators, introduction of high‐purity Ge detector arrays, and the development of an XRF imaging spectrometer with the capability of mapping analytes and X‐ray intensity ratio. Atomic absorption s spectrometry saw major work published on high‐resolution continuum source AAS (HR‐CS AAS) involving the development of a xenon short‐arc lamp. Other advances included the use of laser wave mixing in a graphite furnace tube (with a claimed detection limit of 10–16 g g‐1), solid sampling and ultrasound in sample preparation. Neutron activation analysis saw two innovations that may herald future growth in this technique, namely a neutron source free of a nuclear reactor and a detector operating at room temperature.

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“…These direct imaging methods are more suited to situations where mechanical simplicity is critical. Among the different imaging devices that can be used, square-pore micro-channel plate X-ray optics (MPO), sometimes referred to as "Square Multi channel plate optics" , "Multi-pore optics" or "lobster-eye optics" is one of the most attractive because of its efficiency given by the corner cube effect [9][10][11][12], in particular when compared with straight polycapillary optics [13,14] used for 1:1 imaging. Planar MPOs, to which this study will be restricted, offer a magnification of 1 to cover a surface area commensurate with the size of the detector, and provide an additional degree of freedom, compared to spherical MPOs, with the possibility of changing the working distance without changing the magnification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of x-ray fluorescence full field imaging using planar square pore micro-channel plate optics

Gailhanou¹,

Sarrazin²,

Blake³

2018

Appl. Opt.

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X-ray fluorescence imaging using perfect planar square pore micro-channel plate x-ray optics (MPO) is investigated through the modeling of the MPO point spread function (PSF). A semi-continuous model based on the use of a simplified two parameters reflectivity curve is developed including, in particular, three kinds of contributions. A validation of this model is carried out by calculating variations of several PSF characteristics with the MPO and fluorescence imaging parameters and comparing the results with ray-tracing simulations. A good agreement is found in a large range of x-ray energies; however, it is shown that for the lower values of the working distance a discrete model should be used to take into account the periodic nature of the PSF. Ray-tracing simulated images of extended monochromatic sources are interpreted in light of both the semi-continuous and discrete models. Finally, solutions are proposed to improve the imaging properties of the MPOs.

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Prototype imaging x-ray fluorescence spectrometer based on microchannel plate optics

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

Full‐field XRF instrument for cultural heritage: Application to the study of a Caillebotte painting

Full‐field XRF instrument for cultural heritage: Application to the study of a Caillebotte painting

Neutron Activation Analysis, Atomic Absorption and X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Review for 2004–2005

Modeling of x-ray fluorescence full field imaging using planar square pore micro-channel plate optics

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