Proton‐Functionalized Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Efficient Metal‐Free Destruction of <i>Escherichia coli</i> under Low‐Power Light Irradiation

Ng, Boon Junn; Musyaffa, Muhammad Khosyi; Er, Chen-Chen; Packiam, Kulandai Arockia Rajesh; Lee, W. P.Cathie; Tan, Lling‐Lling; Lee, Hing Wah; Ooi, Chien Wei; Chai, Siang‐Piao

doi:10.1002/chem.202004238

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…To achieve this feat, research into polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) in energy application has attracted tremendous attention attributed to its appealing properties: (1) facile preparation method from inexpensive precursors such as urea and melamine, (2) high chemical stability, and (3) visible light activity [ 22 ]. However, the photocatalytic performance of GCN is bound by the limitation of severe charge recombination and moderate light absorption range [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Artificial Seawater Splitting over Amorphous Carbon Nitride: Optimization and Process Parameters Study via Response Surface Modeling

Chee

Chew

et al. 2022

Materials

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Photocatalytic water splitting has garnered tremendous attention for its capability to produce clean and renewable H2 fuel from inexhaustible solar energy. Until now, most research has focused on scarce pure water as the source of H2, which is not consistent with the concept of sustainable energy. Hence, the importance of photocatalytic splitting of abundant seawater in alleviating the issue of pure water shortages. However, seawater contains a wide variety of ionic components which have unknown effects on photocatalytic H2 production. This work investigates photocatalytic seawater splitting conditions using environmentally friendly amorphous carbon nitride (ACN) as the photocatalyst. The individual effects of catalyst loading (X1), sacrificial reagent concentration (X2), salinity (X3), and their interactive effects were studied via the Box–Behnken design in response surface modeling towards the H2 evolution reaction (HER) from photocatalytic artificial seawater splitting. A second-order polynomial regression model is predicted from experimental data where the variance analysis of the regressions shows that the linear term (X1, X2), the two-way interaction term X1X2, and all the quadratic terms (X12, X22, X23) pose significant effects towards the response of the HER rate. Numerical optimization suggests that the highest HER rate is 7.16 µmol/h, achievable by dosing 2.55 g/L of ACN in 45.06 g sea salt/L aqueous solution containing 17.46 vol% of triethanolamine. Based on the outcome of our findings, an apparent effect of salt ions on the adsorption behavior of the photocatalyst in seawater splitting with a sacrificial reagent has been postulated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1) facile preparation method from inexpensive precursors such as urea and melamine, (2) high chemical stability, and (3) visible light activity [22]. However, the photocatalytic performance of GCN is bound by the limitation of severe charge recombination and moderate light absorption range [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Artificial Seawater Splitting over Amorphous Carbon Nitride: Optimization and Process Parameters Study via Response Surface Modeling

Chee

Chew

et al. 2022

Materials

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“…Recently, metal-based photocatalysts, such as titanium dioxide (Fernández-Ibáñez et al, 2015;Cavalcante et al, 2016) and zinc oxide (Masoumbaigi et al, 2014), have been extensively investigated as new disinfectants (Cavalcante et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2018). However, most metal-containing photocatalysts are activated by UV light irradiation, which is only 4% of the solar spectrum reaching earth surface (McGuigan et al, 2012;Ng et al, 2020). Not to mention, secondary pollution may occur due to the inevitable release of metal ions during the disinfection process (Hayden et al, 2010;Bai et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012;Valsami-Jones and Lynch, 2015;Liu et al, 2016a;Wang and Mi, 2017;Zeng et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not to mention, secondary pollution may occur due to the inevitable release of metal ions during the disinfection process (Hayden et al, 2010;Bai et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012;Valsami-Jones and Lynch, 2015;Liu et al, 2016a;Wang and Mi, 2017;Zeng et al, 2017). Hence, it is of great importance to seek a non-toxic, visiblelight-driven and cost-effective method for future water disinfection (Ng et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Water Disinfection Toward Escherichia coli by Nanowired g-C3N4 Film

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Nanotechnol.

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Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as metal-free visible light photocatalyst has recently emerged as a promising candidate for water disinfection. Herein, a nanowire-rich superhydrophilic g-C3N4 film was prepared by a vapor-assisted confined deposition method. With a disinfection efficiency of over 99.99% in 4 h under visible light irradiation, this nanowire-rich g-C3N4 film was found to perform better than conventional g-C3N4 film. Control experiments showed that the disinfection performance of the g-C3N4 film reduced significantly after hydrophobic treatment. The potential disinfection mechanism was investigated through scavenger-quenching experiments, which indicate that H2O2 was the main active specie and played an important role in bacteria inactivation. Due to the metal-free composition and excellent performance, photocatalytic disinfection by nanowire-rich g-C3N4 film would be a promising and cost-effective way for safe drinking water production.

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Design and Nanoengineering of Photoactive Antimicrobials for Bioapplications: from Fundamentals to Advanced Strategies

Xin,

Liu,

Xiao

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Currently, microbial infections have posed an arduous challenge to global public health, whereas the rise of antibiotic resistance is rendering traditional antibiotic therapies futile, prompting the development of new antimicrobial technologies. Photoactive nanomaterials have thus garnered a thriving interest for disinfection owing to their superior antibacterial efficaciousness, favorable biosafety, and rapidness and spatiotemporal precision in excreting bactericidal actions. The review summarizes recent advances and emerging trends in the design, nanoengineering, and bioapplications of photoactive antimicrobials. It commences by elaborating fundamental theories on bacterial resistance, and antibacterial mechanisms of nanomaterials and phototherapy. Subsequently, the regulation of the antibacterial effectiveness of photoactive nanomaterials is comprehensively discussed, centering on criteria and strategies for tuning photoabsorption spectra, photothermal conversion, and photocatalytic efficiency, alongside tactics for enabling synergistic therapies. This is followed by comparative analyses of techniques and modalities for synthesizing and engineering photoactive nanomaterials with diverse structures, forms, and functionalities. Thereafter, the state‐of‐the‐art applications of phototherapies across various medical sectors are portrayed, and key challenges and opportunities are finally discussed to spur future innovations and translation. This review is envisaged to provide useful guidance for devising and developing nanomaterials‐based photoresponsive antimicrobials with application‐specific materials properties and biological functions.

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Proton‐Functionalized Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Efficient Metal‐Free Destruction of Escherichia coli under Low‐Power Light Irradiation

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Artificial Seawater Splitting over Amorphous Carbon Nitride: Optimization and Process Parameters Study via Response Surface Modeling

Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Artificial Seawater Splitting over Amorphous Carbon Nitride: Optimization and Process Parameters Study via Response Surface Modeling

Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Water Disinfection Toward Escherichia coli by Nanowired g-C3N4 Film

Design and Nanoengineering of Photoactive Antimicrobials for Bioapplications: from Fundamentals to Advanced Strategies

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