Proton beam writing of Nd:GGG crystals as new waveguide laser sources

Yao, Yicun; Dong, Ningning; Chen, Feng; Vanga, Sudheer Kumar; Bettiol, Andrew A.

doi:10.1364/ol.36.004173

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…SRIM (Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) [16] simulations were performed to calculate depth − distribution of the N + , N 3+ and C 3+ , C 5+ ions in the Er 3+ : TeO 2 − WO 3 glasses and two BGO crystal formulations starting from the energy values used in the experiments. Results obtained for the Er 3+ : TeO 2 − WO 3 glasses shown an increase of the projected range of the N + ions from 1.47 µm to 2.54 µm with a change of the energy MeV from 1.5 to 3.5.…”

Section: Srim Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The higher is the N + ion fluence, higher is the refractive index changes in the Er 3+ : TeO 2 − WO 3 glasses. It was observed that the refractive index change saturated at around 6×10 16 ions/cm 2 [20]. Optical characterization was also performed on these channel waveguides.…”

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interference-and phase contrast microphotographs of channel waveguides fabricated in eulytine and sillenite type BGO crystals using the silicon mask method, just adopted for the Er 3+ : TeO 2 − WO 3 glasses, are presented in Figure 6. Fluences were 2.5·10 15 (A) and 2×10 16 ions/cm 2 (B). Magnifications were 250 × and 500×.…”

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buried channel waveguides were usually obtained using light ions (i.e. : protons, helium) via increasing the index of refraction of the target in a zone around the stopping range, which is relatively long for these kind of ions [14][15][16][17]. The thickness of the channel waveguide is determined by the range and longitudinal straggling of the irradiating ion beam while the width is determined either by masking a macroscopic ion beam or by the width of the focused ion beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ion beam irradiated optical channel waveguides

Bányász

Rajta

Nagy

et al. 2014

Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XVIII

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Nowadays, in the modern optical communications systems, channel waveguides represent the core of many active and passive integrated devices, such as amplifiers, lasers, couplers and splitters. Different materials and fabrication processes were investigated in order to achieve the aforementioned optoelectronic circuits with low costs and high performance and reproducibility. Nevertheless, the 2D guiding structures fabrication continues to be a challenging task in some of optical materials due to their susceptibility to mechanical and/or chemical damages which can occur during the different steps of the fabrication process. Here we report on channel waveguides demonstration in erbium doped TungstenTellurite (Er 3+ :TeO 2 -WO 3 ) glasses and BGO crystals by means of a masked ion beam and/or direct writing processes performed at different energy MeV and ions species. The evidence of the waveguides formation was investigated by microscopy techniques and micro Raman spectroscopy.

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Section: Srim Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ion beam irradiated optical channel waveguides

Bányász

Rajta

Nagy

et al. 2014

Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XVIII

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“…Some controlled micro-modifications occur in the scanning area. Concerning the optical properties, in most of the glasses [30], [33], [34] and some crystals (e.g., Nd:YAG and Nd:GGG) [27], [28], the proton or He + induces an increase of the refractive index in the scanning volume, typically located at the end of the ion track. This feature enables construction of buried waveguides instead of surface ones in some optical materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Beam Writing of Chalcogenide Glass: A New Approach for Fabrication of Channel Waveguides at Telecommunication O and C Bands

Vanga

Bettiol

et al. 2014

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We report on proton beam writing of chalcogenide glass for the fabrication of channel waveguides. The focused proton beam at an energy of 1 MeV induces positive refractive index changes, forming channel waveguide structures in the irradiated region. The channel waveguides support both the TE and TM polarizations from the visible to near-infrared telecommunication O and C bands. Based on the maximum value of the refractive index contrast achieved by measuring the numerical aperture of the waveguide channels, we reconstruct the refractive index distribution and calculate the modal profiles of waveguides in the near-infrared wavelengths. The calculated modal profiles are in very good agreement with the experimental results. The minimum propagation loss is measured to be ∼2.0 dB/cm at the wavelength of 1064 nm.

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Micro‐ and submicrometric waveguiding structures in optical crystals produced by ion beams for photonic applications

Chen

2012

Laser & Photonics Reviews

267

124

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Energetic ion beams with diverse energies, species and beam dimensions have been extensively utilized to modify the properties of materials to achieve versatile applications in many aspects of industry, agriculture and scientific research. In optics, the ion‐beam technology has been applied to fabricate various micro‐ and submicrometric guiding structures on a wide range of optical crystals through the efficient modulation of the refractive indices or structuring of the surface, realizing various applications in many branches of photonics. The ion‐beam fabricated optical waveguides and other photonic structures have shown good guiding performance as well as properties related to the materials, suggesting promising potential for many aspects of photonics. This paper gives the state‐of‐the‐art review of fabrication, characterization and application on the ion‐beam‐processed micro‐ and submicrometric photonic structures by highlighting the most recent research progress. A brief prospect is presented by focusing on a few potential spotlights.

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Proton beam writing of Nd:GGG crystals as new waveguide laser sources

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Ion beam irradiated optical channel waveguides

Ion beam irradiated optical channel waveguides

Proton Beam Writing of Chalcogenide Glass: A New Approach for Fabrication of Channel Waveguides at Telecommunication O and C Bands

Micro‐ and submicrometric waveguiding structures in optical crystals produced by ion beams for photonic applications

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