Proton Beam Therapy for Esophageal Cancer

Solidum, Jea Giezl Niedo; Rojo, Raniv D.; Wo, Jennifer Y.; Dee, Edward Christopher

doi:10.3390/cancers14164045

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…IMRT can preserve adjacent normal tissues to a certain extent without affecting the dose to the tumor target. However, current photon‐based radiation therapy is still prone to complications owing to the involvement of adjacent organs in esophageal malignancies 8 . Anatomical changes, such as variations in position, diaphragmatic movement, weight loss, and tumor dynamics, present significant challenges in the delivery of radiation therapy for esophageal cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, current photon-based radiation therapy is still prone to complications owing to the involvement of adjacent organs in esophageal malignancies. 8 Anatomical changes, such as variations in position, diaphragmatic movement, weight loss, and tumor dynamics, present significant challenges in the delivery of radiation therapy for esophageal cancer. These challenges have spurred advancements in proton beam therapy (PBT) and heavy ion therapy for esophageal cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Current status and prospect of particle therapy for esophageal cancer

Wang,

Yuan

2024

Precision Radiation Oncology

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Esophageal cancer is among the top causes of cancer‐related mortality worldwide, and the main treatment modality for locally advanced esophageal cancer is concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The current photon‐based radiotherapy modalities and procedures have increased the incidence of treatment‐related cardiac and pulmonary complications. Additionally, anatomical changes in the esophagus resulting from diaphragmatic movement, weight loss, and tumor progression present challenges for radiotherapy. These challenges have spurred interest in particle therapies, such as proton beam therapy (PBT) and heavy‐ion therapy, for esophageal cancer. This paper comprehensively reviews the dosimetric advantages, clinical efficacy, and limitations of PBT and heavy‐ion therapy for esophageal cancer and discusses their prospects. This highlights the unique dosimetric benefits of these therapies, particularly their ability to deliver high‐dose radiation precisely to the tumor while sparing the surrounding normal organs and tissues. Although PBT and heavy‐ion therapy demonstrate superior clinical efficacy compared to photon therapy, they are not without limitations. Multiple studies are needed to further validate and supplement the existing clinical and preclinical data to better exploit the benefits of PBT and thereby provide improved survival advantages to these patients

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Current status and prospect of particle therapy for esophageal cancer

Wang,

Yuan

2024

Precision Radiation Oncology

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Comparative Effectiveness of Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy Versus Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Patients With Inoperable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Curative-Intent Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Chang,

Lin,

Chen

et al. 2024

Journal of Thoracic Oncology

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Treatment Strategies for Locoregional Recurrence in Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Review

Mitamura,

Tsujinaka,

Nakano

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Emerging evidence has shown remarkable advances in the multimodal treatment of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma. Despite these advances, the oncological outcomes for advanced esophageal cancer remain controversial due to the frequent observation of local recurrence in the regional or other lymph nodes and distant metastasis after curative treatment. For cases of locoregional recurrence in the cervical lymph nodes alone, salvage surgery with lymph node dissection generally provides a good prognosis. However, if recurrence occurs in multiple regions, the oncological efficacy of surgery may be limited. Radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy can be employed for unresectable or recurrent cases, as well as for selected cases in neo- or adjuvant settings. Dose escalation and toxicity are potential issues with conventional three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy; however, more precise therapeutic efficacy can be obtained using technical modifications with improved targeting and conformality, or with the use of proton beam therapy. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, including pembrolizumab or nivolumab, in addition to chemotherapy, has been shown to improve the overall survival in unresectable, advanced/recurrent cases. For patients with lymph node recurrence in multiple regions, chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil [5-FU] plus cisplatin) and combination therapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab have shown comparable oncological efficacy. Further prospective studies are needed to improve the treatment outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer with locoregional recurrence.

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Proton Beam Therapy for Esophageal Cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 93 publications

Current status and prospect of particle therapy for esophageal cancer

Current status and prospect of particle therapy for esophageal cancer

Comparative Effectiveness of Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy Versus Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Patients With Inoperable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Undergoing Curative-Intent Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Treatment Strategies for Locoregional Recurrence in Esophageal Squamous-Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Review

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