Proton‐Assisted Aqueous Manganese‐Ion Battery Chemistry

Abstract

Aqueous manganese-ion batteries (MIBs) are promising energy storage systems because of the distinctive merits of Mn metal, in terms of high abundance, low cost, nontoxicity, high theoretical capacity and low redox potential. Conventional MIBs are based on the Mn 2 + ion storage mechanism, whereas the capacity in cathode materials is generally limited due to the high charge density and large solvated ionic radius of Mn 2 + ions in aqueous electrolytes. Herein, proton intercalation chemistry is introduced in aqueous MIBs, in which the layered Al 0.1 V 2 O 5 •1.5 H 2 O (AlVO) cathode exhibits a consequent Mn 2 + and H + ion intercalation/extraction process. Such an energy storage mechanism contributes to enhanced electrochemical performance, including high capacity, fast reaction kinetics and stable cycling behavior. Benefiting from this proton intercalation chemistry, the aqueous Mn j j AlVO cells could deliver high specific energy and power simultaneously. This work provides a route for the design of high-performance aqueous MIBs.

Rechargeable and highly stable Mn metal batteries based on organic electrolyte

“…12 Nevertheless, Mn metal aqueous batteries still face some major challenges during battery operation, such as interface polarization, hydrogen evolution, irreversible side reactions and electrolyte consumption, which makes the attenuation of capacity and the decay of the cycle life more serious. 10,12,13…”

“…9 According to previously published reports, Mn metal has moderate reduction potential as a metal anode (À1.19 V vs. SHE) with high theoretical capacity (7250 mA h cm À3 and 976 mA h g À1 , based on the Mn/Mn 2+ transition). 10,11 Compared to Zn and Fe, Mn metal has lower reduction potentials and would enable higher discharge voltages in Mn metal batteries. 12 Nevertheless, Mn metal aqueous batteries still face some major challenges during battery operation, such as interface polarization, hydrogen evolution, irreversible side reactions and electrolyte consumption, which makes the attenuation of capacity and the decay of the cycle life more serious.…”

Reactivity of TiS2 Anode towards Electrolytes in Aqueous Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…Lastly, the peculiarly higher potential profile of TiS 2 when cycled in aqueous electrolytes requires further clarification. Proton co‐intercalation is possible and has been studied by other groups in a wider context [27,43–46] . It is worth noting that the investigated electrolyte is far from infinitely dilute in salt, meaning that the activity coefficient of Li + and H + cannot be taken as unity, hence the increased electrode potentials in more concentrated electrolytes based on the Nernst equation [3,4,47,48] .…”

In Situ Electrochemically Oxidative Activation Inducing Ultrahigh Rate Capability of Vanadium Oxynitride/Carbon Cathode for Zinc-Ion Batteries

“…At present, manganese-based materials, − vanadium-based materials, − Prussian blue, and its analogues, − as well as organic compounds, − have been applied as cathode materials for ZIBs. Due to the multistage electrochemical process, vanadium-based materials have a high theoretical specific capacity.…”