Protocols for finding the most orthogonal dimensions for two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography

The proliferation of increasingly more sophisticated analytical separation systems, often incorporating increasingly more powerful detection techniques, such as highresolution mass spectrometry, causes an urgent need for highly efficient dataanalysis and optimization strategies. This is especially true for comprehensive twodimensional chromatography applied to the separation of very complex samples. In this contribution, the requirement for chemometric tools is explained and the latest developments in approaches for (pre-)processing and analyzing data arising from oneand two-dimensional chromatography systems are reviewed. The final part of this review focuses on the application of chemometrics for method development and optimization.

Section: Quality Descriptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subcategory Year Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent applications of chemometrics in one‐ and two‐dimensional chromatography

Bos

Knol

Molenaar

et al. 2020

“…As far as we know, due to the limited peak capacity of 1D‐LC, identifying co‐eluted or structurally similar compounds with similar fragments increasingly relies on 2D‐LC . 2D‐LC using different separation materials could improve separation selectivity and resolution, and facilitate the analysis of much more components in natural resources . Based on whether the components could be eluted from the first dimension into the second dimension directly or not, this method could be performed either with on‐line or off‐line mode .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2D‐LC using different separation materials could improve separation selectivity and resolution, and facilitate the analysis of much more components in natural resources . Based on whether the components could be eluted from the first dimension into the second dimension directly or not, this method could be performed either with on‐line or off‐line mode . The on‐line 2D‐LC has a higher throughput and could be automatically operated without sample loss, but which usually combined several instruments with some challenging interfaces .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and identifying antioxidants from Oplopanax elatus using 2,2ʹ‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl with off‐line two‐dimensional HPLC coupled with diode array detection and tandem time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Shao

Nie

Chen

et al. 2016

The root of Oplopanax elatus (Nakai) Nakai has a well-known history of use for the treatment of diseases such as neurasthenia, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer by the native people in northeast China. It is important to screen and identify the bioactive molecules from its root rapidly. Hereby, an off-line two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry together with 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl was established to screen antioxidants from the root of O. elatus. A Waters cyanogen column (150 × 3.9 mm, id, 4 μm) was used for the first dimensional liquid chromatography, while a Hypersil BDS-C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, id, 5 μm) was installed for the second dimension liquid chromatographic analysis. Twenty-eight compounds had been tentatively identified from the methanol extract of the air-dried root of O. elatus including six polyynes and eight phenolic derivatives were screened with antioxidant activity. The developed method could be expedient for screening and identifying antioxidants from O. elatus.

“…Stevenson et al . overcame solvent strength mismatch in 2D‐HPLC by incorporating a countergradient into the experimental design. Mixing two different programmed gradients allowed for precise control over the injection plug entering into the second dimension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the detectability of antioxidants in two‐dimensional high‐performance liquid chromatography

Bassanese

Conlan

Barnett

et al. 2015

Self Cite

This paper explores the analytical figures of merit of two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography for the separation of antioxidant standards. The cumulative two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography peak area was calculated for 11 antioxidants by two different methods--the areas reported by the control software and by fitting the data with a Gaussian model; these methods were evaluated for precision and sensitivity. Both methods demonstrated excellent precision in regards to retention time in the second dimension (%RSD below 1.16%) and cumulative second dimension peak area (%RSD below 3.73% from the instrument software and 5.87% for the Gaussian method). Combining areas reported by the high-performance liquid chromatographic control software displayed superior limits of detection, in the order of 1 × 10(-6) M, almost an order of magnitude lower than the Gaussian method for some analytes. The introduction of the countergradient eliminated the strong solvent mismatch between dimensions, leading to a much improved peak shape and better detection limits for quantification.