Protocolo para obtencion de alevines axenicos de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Jiménez-Reyes, María Fernanda; Yany, Gabriel; Romero, Jaime

doi:10.3856/vol45-issue5-fulltext-22

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…There have been studies utilizing O. mykiss eggs and larvae to create gnotobiotic models for probiotic research [26,28] or to assess the effect of bacteriophages against fish pathogens [27]. Similarly, Danio rerio embryonated eggs have been employed to evaluate the effects of LAB [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the toxicity of these isolates was assessed in vivo using embryonated S. trutta eggs. These eggs were incubated in cell culture flasks, a method inspired by previous research that successfully employed fish larvae for microbiota studies [25][26][27][28][29]. This approach allowed us to closely monitor and assess the effects of the LAB strains, providing a controlled examination of their potential and their impact on the early developmental stages of S. trutta.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Salmonids for Potential Use as Probiotics: In Vitro Assays and Toxicity Assessment of Salmo trutta Embryonated Eggs

Vargas-González,

Barajas,

Pérez-Sánchez

2024

Animals

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This research investigates the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from freshwater salmonids as prospective probiotics for application in aquaculture. LAB and pathogenic bacteria were obtained from mucus and tissues of Oncorhynchus mykiss and Salmo trutta from fish farms in northeast Spain that had not used antibiotics for the six months preceding the study. Isolates were identified using Gram staining and sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS-1. To assess the safety of the LAB, antibiotic susceptibility tests (ASTs) against 23 antimicrobials were performed. In vitro antagonism assays were conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effects of living LAB using the agar diffusion test method and their metabolites using the agar well diffusion method. The assays targeted six specific pathogens: Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, Vagococcus salmoninarum, Yersinia ruckeri, Lactococcus garvieae, and the marine pathogen Vibrio jasicida. Additionally, a toxicity assay was conducted on embryonic eggs of S. trutta. The ASTs on probiotic LAB candidates revealed varied responses to antimicrobials, but no resistance to oxytetracycline or florfenicol, which are two antibiotics commonly used in aquaculture, was detected. The in vitro assays indicate that LAB exhibit antagonistic effects against pathogens, primarily when directly stimulated by their presence. In applications involving embryonic eggs or larvae, certain live strains of LAB were found to have adverse effects, with some isolates resulting in higher mortality rates compared to the control group or other isolates. Furthermore, the potential pathogenicity of certain LAB strains, typically considered safe in salmonids, warrants deeper investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Salmonids for Potential Use as Probiotics: In Vitro Assays and Toxicity Assessment of Salmo trutta Embryonated Eggs

Vargas-González,

Barajas,

Pérez-Sánchez

2024

Animals

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Interwoven processes in fish development: microbial community succession and immune maturation

Auclert,

Chhanda,

Derome

2024

PeerJ

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Fishes are hosts for many microorganisms that provide them with beneficial effects on growth, immune system development, nutrition and protection against pathogens. In order to avoid spreading of infectious diseases in aquaculture, prevention includes vaccinations and routine disinfection of eggs and equipment, while curative treatments consist in the administration of antibiotics. Vaccination processes can stress the fish and require substantial farmer’s investment. Additionally, disinfection and antibiotics are not specific, and while they may be effective in the short term, they have major drawbacks in the long term. Indeed, they eliminate beneficial bacteria which are useful for the host and promote the raising of antibiotic resistance in beneficial, commensal but also in pathogenic bacterial strains. Numerous publications highlight the importance that plays the diversified microbial community colonizing fish (i.e., microbiota) in the development, health and ultimately survival of their host. This review targets the current knowledge on the bidirectional communication between the microbiota and the fish immune system during fish development. It explores the extent of this mutualistic relationship: on one hand, the effect that microbes exert on the immune system ontogeny of fishes, and on the other hand, the impact of critical steps in immune system development on the microbial recruitment and succession throughout their life. We will first describe the immune system and its ontogeny and gene expression steps in the immune system development of fishes. Secondly, the plurality of the microbiotas (depending on host organism, organ, and development stage) will be reviewed. Then, a description of the constant interactions between microbiota and immune system throughout the fish’s life stages will be discussed. Healthy microbiotas allow immune system maturation and modulation of inflammation, both of which contribute to immune homeostasis. Thus, immune equilibrium is closely linked to microbiota stability and to the stages of microbial community succession during the host development. We will provide examples from several fish species and describe more extensively the mechanisms occurring in zebrafish model because immune system ontogeny is much more finely described for this species, thanks to the many existing zebrafish mutants which allow more precise investigations. We will conclude on how the conceptual framework associated to the research on the immune system will benefit from considering the relations between microbiota and immune system maturation. More precisely, the development of active tolerance of the microbiota from the earliest stages of life enables the sustainable establishment of a complex healthy microbial community in the adult host. Establishing a balanced host-microbiota interaction avoids triggering deleterious inflammation, and maintains immunological and microbiological homeostasis.

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Protocolo para obtencion de alevines axenicos de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Salmonids for Potential Use as Probiotics: In Vitro Assays and Toxicity Assessment of Salmo trutta Embryonated Eggs

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from Salmonids for Potential Use as Probiotics: In Vitro Assays and Toxicity Assessment of Salmo trutta Embryonated Eggs

Interwoven processes in fish development: microbial community succession and immune maturation

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