Protocol: optimisation of a grafting protocol for oilseed rape (Brassica napus) for studying long-distance signalling

Ostendorp, Anna; Pahlow, Steffen; Deke, Jennifer; Thieß, Melanie; Kehr, Julia

doi:10.1186/s13007-016-0122-x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Grafting is a very useful technique that has been widely applied in plant shoot-root signaling and nutrient cross-talking researches (Matsuoka et al, 2016; Ostendorp et al, 2016). For example, grafting has been applied in regulating tree vigor, fruit sizes and quality in apple, pear and plum (Webster, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot/Root Interactions Affect Soybean Photosynthetic Traits and Yield Formation: A Case Study of Grafting With Record-Yield Cultivars

Zhao

et al. 2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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Improvement of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield and photosynthesis physiology have been achieved over decades of cultivar breeding. Identification of the mechanisms involved in shoot-root interactions would be beneficial for the development of yield improvement breeding strategies. The objectives of this study were to investigate soybean shoot-root interactions with different-year released soybean cultivars and to evaluate their effects on grain yield and yield components. Soybean grafts used in this study were constructed with two record-yield cultivars Liaodou14 (L14) and Zhonghuang35 (Z35) and eleven cultivars released in 1966–2006 from the United States and Chinese. The grafting experiments were conducted as pot-culture experiments and repeated in 2014 and 2015. Our results showed that net photosynthesis rate ( P N ) was positively correlated to both root activity and root bleeding sap mass (RBSM) during the R6 reproductive stage. Moreover, different year-released soybean shoots had all exhibited capabilities of changing the root activity and architecture of L14 and Z35 rootstocks to “generation”-specific patterns during all reproductive stages. However, these influences were independent of the photosynthetic strength. Yield analysis had demonstrated that high-yielding root systems (L14 and Z35 rootstocks) could cause more than 15% of yield increase in seven out of eleven common scions in a scion-genotype-dependent manner. For Williams-descendant cultivar scions, L14 and Z35 rootstocks promoted yields mainly by increasing the seed number (SN), but those scions of Amsoy-descendent cultivars showed mainly seed weight (SW) increases when grafted onto L14 and Z35 rootstocks. On the other hand, although most tested common rootstocks did not show significant influence over the final yields in record-yield L14 and Z35 scions, they were obviously capable of shifting the formation of yield components when compared to L14 and Z35 self-grafting controls. Taken together, soybean shoots could influence the root physiology and played a crucial role in the determination of yield potentials. Synergistically with shoots, soybean roots played a more supportive role during the realization of yield potentials through root activities and by balancing the formation of yield components. These findings provided interesting insightful information for developing new breeding strategies which aim to pyramid elite physiological and yield traits by selecting specific parental combinations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot/Root Interactions Affect Soybean Photosynthetic Traits and Yield Formation: A Case Study of Grafting With Record-Yield Cultivars

Zhao

et al. 2019

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Beside its essential agricultural significance, B. napus has also become a model plant for studying long-distance signalling 1–5 and evolutionary consequences of polyploidization 6, 7 . Brassica napus is used as a model plant for studying long-distance signalling, because methods for the collection of sufficient quantities of pure xylem and phloem sap are well established 2, 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatic and expression analysis of the Brassica napus L. cyclophilins

Hanhart

Thieß

Amari

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Cyclophilins (CYPs) are a group of ubiquitous proteins characterized by their ability to bind to the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. The CYP family occurs in a wide range of organisms and contains a conserved peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase domain. In addition to fulfilling a basic role in protein folding, CYPs may also play diverse important roles, e.g. in protein degradation, mRNA processing, development, and stress responses. We performed a genome-wide database survey and identified a total of 94 CYP genes encoding 91 distinct proteins. Sequence alignment analysis of the putative BnCYP cyclophilin-like domains revealed highly conserved motifs. By using RNA-Seq, we could verify the presence of 77 BnCYP genes under control conditions. To identify phloem-specific BnCYP proteins in a complementary approach, we used LC-MS/MS to determine protein abundances in leaf and phloem extracts. We detected 26 BnCYPs in total with 12 being unique to phloem sap. Our analysis provides the basis for future studies concentrating on the functional characterization of individual members of this gene family in a plant of dual importance: as a crop and a model system for polyploidization and long-distance signalling.As one of the most important crops for nutritional oil, fodder, biodiesel, chemical and pharmaceutical products, Brassica napus (oilseed rape or canola) is widespread in agriculture, especially in the European Union, China, and Canada. Beside its essential agricultural significance, B. napus has also become a model plant for studying long-distance signalling 1-5 and evolutionary consequences of polyploidization 6,7 . Brassica napus is used as a model plant for studying long-distance signalling, because methods for the collection of sufficient quantities of pure xylem and phloem sap are well established 2, 4 . Compared to crops like wheat, soybean or rice, the domestication of B. napus was more recent. It is assumed that chromosome doubling occurred after spontaneous hybridization between Brassica rapa (Asian cabbage or turnip rape, 2n = 2 × 10 = 20, genome AA) and Brassica oleracea (Mediterranean cabbage, 2n = 2 × 9 = 18, genome CC) 8 . The profitable cultivation of B. napus (genome AACC, 2n = 38) has high importance for the economy 9 .A group of proteins involved in diverse fundamental cellular functions in many different organisms is called immunophilins, originally discovered as receptors for immunosuppressive drugs in mammals. The family of immunophilins consists of two major groups, FK506-binding proteins (FKBPs) 10, 11 and cyclophilins (CYPs) 12,13 . Despite the lack of sequence and structure similarity, FKBPs and CYPs each possess a conserved domain responsible for their common peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity, catalyzing the rate-limiting rotation of X-proline peptide bonds from a cis to a trans conformation 14 . These domains are called the FKBP and cyclophilin-like domain (CLD), respectively. An additional group of proteins exhibiting PPIase activity, the parvulins, cannot be clas...

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“…Apart from this, grafting of seedlings is not limited to A. thaliana . Other model species like Eutrema salsugineum ( Li et al, 2019 ) and also important crop plants like Brassica napus ( Ostendorp et al, 2016 ) and Solanum lycopersicum ( Marsch-Martínez et al, 2013 ) were successfully grafted at seedling stage. However, micrografting typically needs further technical prerequisites like sterile conditions and a stereomicroscope ( Turnbull et al, 2002 ).…”

Section: Micrografting – the Transplantation Of Seedling Tissuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Plant Surgery: An Overview of the Multiple Grafting Techniques for Arabidopsis thaliana

Bartusch

Melnyk

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Plant grafting, the ancient practice of cutting and joining different plants, is gaining popularity as an elegant way to generate chimeras that combine desirable traits. Grafting was originally developed in woody species, but the technique has evolved over the past century to now encompass a large number of herbaceous species. The use of plant grafting in science is accelerating in part due to the innovative techniques developed for the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we review these developments and discuss the advantages and limitations associated with grafting various Arabidopsis tissues at diverse developmental stages.

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Protocol: optimisation of a grafting protocol for oilseed rape (Brassica napus) for studying long-distance signalling

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Shoot/Root Interactions Affect Soybean Photosynthetic Traits and Yield Formation: A Case Study of Grafting With Record-Yield Cultivars

Shoot/Root Interactions Affect Soybean Photosynthetic Traits and Yield Formation: A Case Study of Grafting With Record-Yield Cultivars

Bioinformatic and expression analysis of the Brassica napus L. cyclophilins

Insights Into Plant Surgery: An Overview of the Multiple Grafting Techniques for Arabidopsis thaliana

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