Proteus mirabilis: A rare cause of infectious endocarditis

Abstract

Native valve endocarditis resulting from Proteus mirabilis is an exceptionally rare entity. To date, 10 cases have been reported. We present a case of a 58-y-old female with fevers, bacteremia, and embolic phenomenon. Unlike previous cases, early antibiotic treatment precluded valvular repair or death, leading to a favorable outcome.

Treatment of endocarditis due to Proteus species: a literature review

“…We found seven previously published cases of Proteus endocarditis in the PubMed database that fulfilled our search criteria (Table 1). [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The medical record database search at our institution did not reveal any patients with a diagnosis of Proteus endocarditis from 1998 to 2010. There were additional cases of endocarditis caused by Proteus species published in case series; however, sufficient clinical details about treatment and outcome were lacking.…”

Infective endocarditis by Proteus species: a systematic review

“…Finally, 16 met the present study's inclusion criteria. 8,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] The review process is graphically presented in Figure 1.…”

Endocarditis of Native Valve due to Proteus mirabilis: Case Report and Literature Review

“…Although management included cardiac surgery in 51% of cases, the in-hospital mortality rate is 24% [3]. We did an updated review of the cases described in the literature including the review of Kalra [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. After 2011, we found 6 more cases [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

“…Therefore, we can assert that the IE by Proteus is sustained by urinary tract infections and this could also explain the higher prevalence reported in the female population. In 83.3% cases, the patients presented nephrolithiasis which could be explained by the ability of Proteus to produce urease that convert urea to ammonia, determining an increase in pH value which favors the precipitation of the magnesium ammonium phosphate and calcium phosphate crystals, resulting in the formation of the renal stones [6]. In 4 cases (8.6%), an embolic event was reported: two cases on retinal artery (6, our case), one case on the spleen [7], one case on the liver [14].…”