Proteomics reveals the gender differences in humoral immunity and physiological characteristics associated with reproduction in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Jiang, Jingwei; Zhao, Zelong; Pan, Yongjia; Dong, Ying; Gao, Shan; Jiang, Bei; Xiao, Yao; Jiang, Peng; Zhang, Gaohua; Wang, Xuda; Zhou, Zhunchun

doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103687

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, DEGs in complement and coagulation cascades were down-regulated after spawning in males. Similarly, a positive relationship between antimicrobial capacity and reproductive investment in female was found in insect during breeding season [10], moreover, the latest research in sea cucumber revealed that the complement activation were weakened after spawning [47]. All these results suggested that females improve their immunity (like apoptosis, antimicrobial peptides and heat shock), whereas males weaken part of their immunity (such as the complement system) after spawning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Reproductive Effects on Immunity in the Clam Meretrix Petechialis During the Breeding Season

Wang

Liu

2020

Preprint

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Background: Immune defense and reproduction are both physiologically demanding processes, therefore the trade-off is expected between them in breeding season. Although this balance strategy has been extensively studied in many species, it is still rarely noticed in mollusc. Moreover, summer mortality of marine bivalve often occurs during breeding season and reproduction is suspected to play a significant role for the mass death. Results: To address if spawning affects immunity to cause clam death, we performed transcriptome and gene expression analyses in the clam Meretrix petechialis pre-/post-spawning. DEGs enrichment analysis revealed important immune signaling pathways and key genes changed after spawning. Further analysis showed females up-regulated genes involved in apoptosis, TLR signal pathway and heat shock, whereas males down-regulated complement-related genes after spawning. Additionally, both genders of clams up-regulated its immune response level to against Vibrio infection after spawning revealed by the changes of four immune-related DEGs. Conclusions: The spawning indeed affected the clam immune resistance. The immune and defense related genes and pathways obtained here provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms of physiological acclimation and immune response under reproduction-influence and offers some clues to explain the possible reason for clam summer mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Reproductive Effects on Immunity in the Clam Meretrix Petechialis During the Breeding Season

Wang

Liu

2020

Preprint

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“…The α-actinin is required for the attachment of actin filaments to Z lines in skeletal muscle cells and to dense bodies in smooth muscle cells ( 51 ). Cadherins have vital roles in cell migration through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process ( 52 ), which is required to maintain muscle structures in A. japonicus ( 53 ). The integrin thrombospondin-1 was 3.19-fold downregulated in the CF of BVS animals ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea Cucumber Body Vesicular Syndrome Is Driven by the Pond Water Microbiome via an Altered Gut Microbiota

et al. 2022

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“…The coelomic fluids of A. japonicus are a stress factor that pathogens encounter during the bacterial infection process. Coelomic fluids contain important components of the humoral immune system, such as complement and immune factors (Jiang et al ., 2017; 2020). Our results show that coelomic fluids limit the growth of V. splendidus AJ01 (Figs 1C and 1D) and increase bacterial tolerance to antibiotics (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio splendidus persister cells induced by host coelomic fluids show a similar phenotype to antibiotic‐induced counterparts

Wood

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environmental Microbiology

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Persister cells are dormant variants of regular cells that are multidrug tolerant and have heterogeneous phenotypes; these cells are a potential threat to hosts because they can escape the immune system or antibiotic treatments and reconstitute infectious. Skin ulcer syndrome (SUS) frequently occurs in the sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus), and Vibrio splendidus is one of the main bacterial pathogens of SUS. This study found that the active cells of V. splendidus became persister cells more readily in the presence of A. japonicus coelomic fluids. We showed that the A. japonicus coelomic fluids plus antibiotics induce 100-fold more persister cells in V. splendidus compared with antibiotics alone via nine sets of experiments including assays for antibiotic resistance, metabolic activity, and single-cell phenotypes. Furthermore, the coelomic fluidsinduced persister cells showed similar phenotypes as the antibiotic-induced persister cells. Further investigation showed that guanosine pentaphosphate/tetraphosphate (henceforth ppGpp) and SOS response pathway involved in the formation of persister cells as determined using real-time RT-PCR. In addition, single-cell observations showed that, similar to the antibiotic-induced V. splendidus persister cells, the coelomic fluids-induced persister cells have five resuscitation phenotypes: no growth, expansion, elongation, elongation and then division, and elongation followed by death/disappearance. In addition, dark foci formed in the majority of persister cells for both the antibiotic-induced and coelomic fluids-induced persister cells. Our results highlight that the pathogen V. splendidus might escape from the host immune system by entering the persister state during the process of infection due to exposure to coelomic fluids.

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Proteomics reveals the gender differences in humoral immunity and physiological characteristics associated with reproduction in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Reproductive Effects on Immunity in the Clam Meretrix Petechialis During the Breeding Season

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Reproductive Effects on Immunity in the Clam Meretrix Petechialis During the Breeding Season

Sea Cucumber Body Vesicular Syndrome Is Driven by the Pond Water Microbiome via an Altered Gut Microbiota

Vibrio splendidus persister cells induced by host coelomic fluids show a similar phenotype to antibiotic‐induced counterparts

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