Proteomics of Rice—Magnaporthe oryzae Interaction: What Have We Learned So Far?

Abstract

Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the major constraints to rice production, which feeds half of the world’s population. Proteomic technologies have been used as effective tools in plant−pathogen interactions to study the biological pathways involved in pathogen infection, plant response, and disease progression. Advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) and apoplastic and plasma membrane protein isolation methods facilitated the identification and quantification of subcellular proteomes during plant-pathogen interaction. Proteomic studies conducted during rice−M. oryzae interaction have led to the identification of several proteins eminently involved in pathogen perception, signal transduction, and the adjustment of metabolism to prevent plant disease. Some of these proteins include receptor-like kinases (RLKs), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and proteins related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling and scavenging, hormone signaling, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism, protein degradation, and other defense responses. Moreover, post−translational modifications (PTMs), such as phosphoproteomics and ubiquitin proteomics, during rice−M. oryzae interaction are also summarized in this review. In essence, proteomic studies carried out to date delineated the molecular mechanisms underlying rice-M. oryzae interactions and provided candidate proteins for the breeding of rice blast resistant cultivars.

Ethylene: A Master Regulator of Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants

“…Of these, ethylene has been most actively involved in PCD and is alone sufficient to cause PCD in many plant systems [130]. PCD is a vital process during growth and development, especially in the organization and maintenance of plants, and plays a crucial role in the several defense responses against certain types of environmental stresses, both abiotic including salinity stress [131,132] and biotic ones [133][134][135][136][137]. ROS accumulation is an important inducer of PCD in plant cells under stress conditions as ROS molecules such as H 2 O 2 and superoxide radicals (O 2 − ) can damage the cellular components [138].…”

Proteomics and Metabolomics Studies on the Biotic Stress Responses of Rice: an Update

“…Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease, has caused huge losses in rice (Dean et al 2012). Recently, proteomics and metabolomics studies investigating rice response to M. oryzae infection were reviewed (Meng et al 2019;Azizi et al 2019). In addition to the influence of M. oryzae on the basic biological processes of the host, such as photosynthesis and primary metabolism, global studies over the past decade have elucidated the detailed interaction between rice and M. oryzae considering whole proteins and metabolites (for review, see Azizi et al 2019;Meng et al 2019).…”

“…Proteins and metabolites, the final genome products, are involved in fundamental life processes. To overcome biotic stress, plants utilize multiple classes of proteins, including: (1) catalytic enzymes involved in cell wall modifications, phytohormones, ROS, and pathogenesisrelated (PR) proteins; (2) TFs and post-translational factors; and (3) receptors and receptor-like kinases (Wu et al 2016;Wu et al 2017;Meng et al 2019). Meanwhile, plant metabolites have distinct functions.…”

A TMT-Based Quantitative Proteome Analysis to Elucidate the TSWV Induced Signaling Cascade in Susceptible and Resistant Cultivars of Solanum lycopersicum

“…In addition to their routine functions as molecular chaperons, PDI proteins have also been shown to regulate the PCD in plants [39]. PCD is the self-destruction of the infected cells and is one of the ways to check the transfer and multiplication of the invading pathogens [40]. It was shown that one PDI5 in Arabidopsis is involved in the regulation of PCD by physically interacting with the cysteine proteases [41].…”