Proteomic Approaches to Biomarker Discovery in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma

Abstract

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is the most frequently encountered type of skin lymphoma in humans. CTCL encompasses multiple variants, but the most common types are mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS). While most cases of MF run a mild course over a period of many years, other subtypes of CTCL are very aggressive. The rapidly expanding fields of proteomics and genomics have not only helped increase knowledge concerning the carcinogenesis and tumor biology of CTCL but also led to the discovery of novel markers for targeted therapy. Although multiple biomarkers linked to CTCL have been known for a relatively long time (e.g., CD25, CD45, CD45RA, and CD45R0), compared to other cancers (lymphoma, melanoma, colon carcinoma, head and neck cancer, renal cancer, and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma), information about the antigenicity of CTCL remains relatively limited and no dependable protein marker for CTCL has been discovered. Considering the aggressive nature of some types of CTCL, it is necessary to identify circulating molecules that can help in the early diagnosis, differentiation from inflammatory skin diseases (psoriasis, nummular eczema), and aid in predicting the prognosis and evolution of this pathology. This review aims to bring together some of the information concerning protein markers linked to CTCL, in an effort to further the understanding of the convolute processes involved in this complex pathology.

DEPTOR Deficiency-Mediated mTORc1 Hyperactivation in Vascular Endothelial Cells Promotes Angiogenesis

“…As a key drug in our experiments, rapamycin is a highly specific inhibitor of mTORC1 and has been used as a clinical immunosuppressant in organ transplantation and as an antiangiogenic agent in clinical trials for treatment of cancers and other vascular diseases [44, 45]. Interestingly, rapamycin has been reported to inhibit tumor angiogenesis through impairment of HIF-1α/VEGF production in some human cancer cell lines [46], which is consistent with our experimental results. In our study, rapamycin treatment efficiently reversed the exaggerated angiogenesis resulting from DEPTOR knockdown.…”

Accelerated, untargeted metabolomics analysis of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma reveals metabolic shifts in plasma and tumor adjacent skins of xenograft mice

“…The diagnosis of CTCL requires a more holistic approach through which molecular findings are to be integrated with clinical, histological, and immunophenotypic data. Multi‐omics technique has been used in the precision medicine and personal diagnosis of CTCL in recent years, including high‐throughput sequencing of T‐cell receptor, transcriptional profiling, proteomic approaches, and metabolomics investigation . In the light of previous omics findings, the presented study aims to explore the pathogenesis of CTCL from metabolomics perspective using an accelerated, untargeted metabolomics data analysis strategy.…”

Glucagonoma: From skin lesions to the neuroendocrine component (Review)

“…Another aspect needs to be pointed out in relation to a glucagonoma that is incidentally found until the dermatologic and metabolic complications are positive (55,56). An increased incidence of incidentalomas is registered all over the world and pancreatic masses are one of the most frequent of this kind (56)(57)(58). The aspect is described in both neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine conditions (59)(60)(61).…”