Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses to explain the pleiotropic effects of Ankaferd blood stopper

Bűyűk

2019

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) is a medicinal plant extract used topically as a hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant agent. Its cytoprotective effect mainly depends on its pleiotropic properties by modulating inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. This study aims to test the possible therapeutic effect of ABS in the treatment of erosive and inflammatory conditions occurring in the uterine cervix. METHODS: Twenty-four female Wistar Albino rats were used in the present study. Trichloracetic acid was applied intravaginally to establish an experimental rat model of cervicitis. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: group I (injury), group II (injury+isotoinc saline), and group III (injury+ABS). After 3 estrous cycles of ABS and isotonic saline treatment, the amount of inflammation, vascular congestion and erosion were evaluated in the cervical tissues by using a modified semi-quantitative scale of 0-3. Immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibodies against IL-1β was also performed. RESULTS: Compared with group I and II, the ABS group showed the least inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular congestion and cervical erosion, compared with the ABS group prominent IL-1β staining observed in group I and group II. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that ABS is a highly effective alternative to induce normal cervical epithelium and can be used safely in the treatment of cervical inflammation with or without cervical erosion.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunohistochemistry and histopathological study of ankaferd blood stopper in a rat model of cervical inflammation

Bűyűk

2019

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

“…Although the exact pathophysiology underlying the unique effect of ABS remains an area of active investigation, the anti-inflammatory effect of ABS is reported to be based on the effect of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α. Moreover, Dynactin, EGR-1, Midkine, NF-1, Twinfilin, V-Myc, and YY1 (Yin Yang 1) can contribute both the anti-inflammatory and tissue-healing effects of ABS with various mechanisms [46] . Studies also highlight the potential benefits of ABS in numerous distinct inflammatory conditions related to the oral mucosa, intestinal mucosa, cartilage tissue, liver, pericardium, cervix and uterus [19] , [47] , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] .…”

Section: Evaluation and Discussion Of The Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Ankaferd hemostat (ABS) as a potential mucosal topical agent for the management of COVID-19 syndrome based on its PAR-1 inhibitory effect and oestrogen content

Tanoğlu³

et al. 2020

Medical Hypotheses

COVID-19 due to the SARS-CoV-2 infection is a multi-systemic immune syndrome affecting mainly the lungs, oropharyngeal region, and other vascular endothelial beds. There are tremendous ongoing efforts for the aim of developing drugs against the COVID-19 syndrome-associated inflammation. However, currently no specific medicine is present for the absolute pharmacological cure of COVID-19 mucositis. The re-purposing/re-positioning of already existing drugs is a very important strategy for the management of ongoing pandemy since the development of a new drug needs decades. Apart from altering angiotensin signaling pathways, novel drug candidates for re-purposing comprise medications shall target COVID-19 pathobiology, including pharmaceutical formulations that antagonize proteinase-activated receptors (PARs), mainly PAR-1. Activation of the PAR-1, mediators and hormones impact on the hemostasis, endothelial activation, alveolar epithelial cells and mucosal inflammatory responses which are the essentials of the COVID-19 pathophysiology. In this context, Ankaferd hemostat (Ankaferd Blood Stopper, ABS) which is an already approved hemostatic agent affecting via vital erythroid aggregation and fibrinogen gamma could be a potential topical remedy for the mucosal management of COVID-19. ABS is a clinically safe and effective topical hemostatic agent of plant origin capable of exerting pleiotropic effects on the endothelial cells, angiogenesis, cell proliferation and vascular dynamics. ABS had been approved as a topically applied hemostatic agent for the management of post-surgical/dental bleedings and healing of infected inflammatory mucosal wounds. The anti-inflammatory and proteinase-activated receptor axis properties of ABS with a considerable amount of oestrogenic hormone presence highlight this unique topical hemostatic drug regarding the clinical re-positioning for COVID-19-associated mucositis. Topical ABS as a biological response modifier may lessen SARS-CoV-2 associated microthrombosis, endothelial dysfunction, oropharyngeal inflammation and mucosal lung damage. Moreover, PAR-1 inhibition ability of ABS might be helpful for reducing the initial virus propagation and mocasal spread of COVID-19.

“…It has many proven effects on the hemostatic and immune system. In addition to antimicrobial, antineoplastic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant effects, it is also effective in wound healing (5,15,16) .The anti-inflammatory effect of ABS was shown in studies on cartilage tissue, gastric mucosa, pericardial tissue, and the liver (17,18,19,20) . A study on a caustic esophageal injury model, which demonstrated improved inflammation in the esophagus and reduced stricture formation, led to the consideration that the anti-inflammatory effects of ABS may be beneficial for the adhesions in the endometrium (8) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of Ankaferd Blood Stopper<sup>®</sup> in an experimental Asherman syndrome model created in rats

Bűyűk

2019

tjod

Objective: Asherman syndrome (AS) is a progressive disease involving menstrual disorders, recurrent pregnancy losses, and infertility developing as a result of partial or full blockade of the uterine cavity with adhesions. AS generally develops after trauma to the basal layer of the endometrium. In spite of a variety of methods such as adhesiolysis, inserting intrauterine devices, and administering high doses of estrogen, treatments remain insufficient. This study aimed to assess the effects of local intrauterine Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) administration in inducing endometrial proliferation and building a normal endometrial layer in a rat model. Materials and Methods: AS was induced in 30 female Wistar albino rats. The rats were randomized into three groups: Group 1: AS group Group 2: AS + serum physiologic (SP) group Group 3: AS + ABS group AS model was induced in all animals. The uterine horns were harvested after 15 days of therapy and investigated for inflammation, fibrosis, and immunohistochemical (IHC) markers. Results: Compared with the other groups, fibrosis, and inflammation were significantly reduced in group 3 (chi-square, p=19.000, 0.001 and 26.365, <0.001, respectively). The IHC assessment showed that the tumor necrosis factor-α receptor levels were not different (Kruskal-Wallis H=0.091, p=0.995), but the interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 expression was reduced significantly in group 3 (H, p=18.706, <0.001, and 22.114, <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The therapeutic effects of local administration of ABS in rats with AS model were demonstrated histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Based on these results, ABS administration in addition to the current treatments for AS may increase the treatment success and reduce the need for advanced treatment.