Proteomic and Biochemical Changes during Senescence of Phalaenopsis ‘Red Dragon’ Petals

Abstract

Phalaenopsis flowers are some of the most popular ornamental flowers in the world. For most ornamental plants, petal longevity determines postharvest quality and garden performance. Therefore, it is important to have insight into the senescence mechanism of Phalaenopsis. In the present study, a proteomic approach combined with ultrastructural observation and activity analysis of antioxidant enzymes was used to profile the molecular and biochemical changes during pollination-induced petal senescence in Phalaenopsis “Red Dragon”. Petals appeared to be visibly wilting at 24 h after pollination, accompanied by the mass degradation of macromolecules and organelles during senescence. In addition, 48 protein spots with significant differences in abundance were found by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS). There were 42 protein spots successfully identified and homologous to known functional protein species involved in key biological processes, including antioxidant pathways, stress response, protein metabolism, cell wall component metabolism, energy metabolism, cell structure, and signal transduction. The activity of all reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes was increased, keeping the content of ROS at a low level at the early stage of senescence. These results suggest that two processes, a counteraction against increased levels of ROS and the degradation of cellular constituents for maintaining nutrient recycling, are activated during pollination-induced petal senescence in Phalaenopsis. The information provides a basis for understanding the mechanism regulating petal senescence and prolonging the florescence of Phalaenopsis.

Hemicelluloses and associated compounds determine gall functional traits

“…The lack of detection of xyloglucans in the globoid and lenticular galls may be a consequence of their remobilization to other sites in the plant tissue. The remobilization process involves degradation of cell wall components (Matile 1974; Chen et al 2018), which is particularly important from the extra‐laminar galls toward the host leaf lamina, as these galls will be abscised from the host plant through senescence.…”

Recent Advances in Phalaenopsis Orchid Improvement using Omics Approaches

“…Identified proteins may provide new insights towards understanding of the interactive responses in protein expression of P. amabilis during infection with CymMV and/or ORSV. Chen et al (2018) reported a combined proteomic approach with ultrastructural observation and physiological-biochemical analysis during pollination-induced petal senescence in Phalaenopsis and yielded 42 differentially regulated proteins. Out of 42 proteins, 17 were found upregulated, while 25 were down regulated.…”

“…Formosana (Tsi et al 2017). Proteomic changes via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS) has been examined by Chen et al (2018) to reveal the mechanism regulation of petal senescence in Phalaenopsis.…”

Pollination Type Recognition from a Distance by the Ovary Is Revealed Through a Global Transcriptomic Analysis

“…This first observation on a single gene prompted us to expand the analysis and explore the global transcriptional response of S. chacoense ovaries to pollination. Although comprehensive transcriptomic studies were performed recently on pollination-induced responses in corollas [49,50], no large-scale study has yet addressed the specific issue of long-distance communication between growing PTs and ovules.…”