Proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Bao, Minwei; Huang, Yuxia; Lang, Zhongping; Zhao, Hui; Saito, Yuichi; Nagano, Tatsuya; Koyanagi, Izumi; Divisi, Duilio; Hu, Xiangming; Jiang, Gening

doi:10.21037/tlcr-22-467

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…It has thus been identified as a marker for hepatitis C diagnosis . A higher expression of CD151, CD171, and tetraspanin 8 (TSPAN8) is reported in blood serum exosomes collected from lung cancer patients . These findings suggest exosomal proteins are appropriate biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.…”

Section: Applications Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…323 A higher expression of CD151, CD171, and tetraspanin 8 (TSPAN8) is reported in blood serum exosomes collected from lung cancer patients. 324 These findings suggest exosomal proteins are appropriate biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Other members of the tetraspanin family such as CD91, CD82, CD147, CD9, and TSPAN8 have also been explored as cancer biomarkers.…”

Section: Proteins Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

et al. 2022

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Exosomes are a subgroup of nanosized extracellular vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane and secreted by most eukaryotic cells. They represent a route of intercellular communication and participate in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. The biological roles of exosomes rely on their bioactive cargos, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, which are delivered to target cells. Their distinctive properties�innate stability, low immunogenicity, biocompatibility, and good biomembrane penetration capacity�allow them to function as superior natural nanocarriers for efficient drug delivery. Another notably favorable clinical application of exosomes is in diagnostics. They hold various biomolecules from host cells, which are indicative of pathophysiological conditions; therefore, they are considered vital for biomarker discovery in clinical diagnostics. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection and provide a landscape overview of the current state and delineate trends in research advancement on exosome applications in therapeutics and diagnostics across time, geography, composition, cargo loading, and development pipelines. We discuss exosome composition and pathway, from their biogenesis and secretion from host cells to recipient cell uptake. We assess methods for exosome isolation and purification, their clinical applications in therapy and diagnostics, their development pipelines, the exploration goals of the companies, the assortment of diseases they aim to treat, development stages of their research, and publication trends. We hope this review will be useful for understanding the current knowledge in the field of medical applications of exosomes, in an effort to further solve the remaining challenges in fulfilling their potential.

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Section: Applications Of Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proteins Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, the MASP-2 gene is also highly associated with lung and endometrial cancer 37 , 38 . MASP-2 expression was higher in patients with lung adenocarcinoma than in people with lung squamous cell carcinoma 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Proteomics analysis of serum from thymoma patients

Liu

2023

Sci Rep

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Thymoma is the most common malignant tumor in thymic epithelial tumors (TETS). This study aimed to identify the changes in serum proteomics in patients with thymoma. Proteins were extracted from twenty patients with thymoma serum and nine healthy controls and prepared for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Data independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics technique was used to examine the serum proteome. Differential proteins of abundance changes in the serum were identified. Bioinformatics was used to examine the differential proteins. Functional tagging and enrichment analysis were conducted using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases. The string database was used to assess the interaction of different proteins. In all, 486 proteins were found in all samples. There were differences in 58 serum proteins between patients and healthy blood donors, 35 up-regulated and 23 down-regulated. These proteins are primarily exocrine and serum membrane proteins involved in controlling immunological responses and antigen binding, according to GO functional annotation. KEGG functional annotation showed that these proteins play a significant role in the complement and coagulation cascade and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signal pathway. Notably, the KEGG pathway (complement and coagulation cascade) is enriched, and three key activators were up-regulated: von willebrand factor (VWF), coagulation factor v (F5) and vitamin k-dependent protein c (PC). Protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis showed that six proteins ((VWF, F5, thrombin reactive protein 1 (THBS1), mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease 2 (MASP2), apolipoprotein B (APOB), and apolipoprotein (a) (LPA)) were up-regulated and two proteins (Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1(TIMP1), ferritin light chain (FTL)) were down-regulated. The results of this study showed that several proteins involved in complement and coagulation cascades were up-regulated in the serum of patients.

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“…Previous studies have indicated that MASP2 gene mutations and changes in the serum MASP2 content are correlated with the prognosis of patients with lung, colorectal, liver, and esophageal cancer. [ 60 , 61 ] C1NH regulates the activation of the C1 complex, which is pivotal in regulating important physiological pathways, including complement activation, venous thrombosis, and kinin generation. Additionally, accumulating evidence indicates the presence of complement components and some regulatory molecules in most carcinoma cells.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AuNPs/CNC Nanocomposite with A “Dual Dispersion” Effect for LDI‐TOF MS Analysis of Intact Proteins in NSCLC Serum Exosomes

Shan,

Qiao,

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Detecting exosomal markers using laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (LDI‐TOF MS) is a novel approach for examining liquid biopsies of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples. However, LDI‐TOF MS is limited by low sensitivity and poor reproducibility when analyzing intact proteins directly. In this report, gold nanoparticles/cellulose nanocrystals (AuNPs/CNC) is introduced as the matrix for direct analysis of intact proteins in NSCLC serum exosomes. AuNPs/CNC with “dual dispersion” effects dispersed and stabilized AuNPs and improved ion inhibition effects caused by protein aggregation. These features increased the signal‐to‐noise ratio of [M+H]+ peaks by two orders of magnitude and lowered the detection limit of intact proteins to 0.01 mg mL–1. The coefficient of variation with or without AuNPs/CNC is measured as 10.2% and 32.5%, respectively. The excellent reproducibility yielded a linear relationship (y = 15.41x – 7.983, R2 = 0.989) over the protein concentration range of 0.01 to 20 mg mL–1. Finally, AuNPs/CNC‐assisted LDI‐TOF MS provides clinically relevant fingerprint information of exosomal proteins in NSCLC serum, and characteristic proteins S100 calcium‐binding protein A10, Urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor, Plasma protease C1 inhibitor, Tyrosine‐protein kinase Fgr and Mannose‐binding lectin associated serine protease 2 represented excellent predictive biomarkers of NSCLC risk.

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Proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Cited by 10 publications

References 83 publications

Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

Exosomes─Nature’s Lipid Nanoparticles, a Rising Star in Drug Delivery and Diagnostics

Proteomics analysis of serum from thymoma patients

AuNPs/CNC Nanocomposite with A “Dual Dispersion” Effect for LDI‐TOF MS Analysis of Intact Proteins in NSCLC Serum Exosomes

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