Proteome-wide characterization of sugarbeet seed vigor and its tissue specific expression

Abstract

Proteomic analysis of mature sugarbeet seeds led to the identification of 759 proteins and their specific tissue expression in root, cotyledons, and perisperm. In particular, the proteome of the perispermic storage tissue found in many seeds of the Caryophyllales is described here. The data allowed us to reconstruct in detail the metabolism of the seeds toward recapitulating facets of seed development and provided insights into complex behaviors such as germination. The seed appears to be well prepared to mobilize the major classes of reserves (the proteins, triglycerides, phytate, and starch) during germination, indicating that the preparation of the seed for germination is mainly achieved during its maturation on the mother plant. Furthermore, the data revealed several pathways that can contribute to seed vigor, an important agronomic trait defined as the potential to produce vigorous seedlings, such as glycine betaine accumulation in seeds. This study also identified several proteins that, to our knowledge, have not previously been described in seeds. For example, the data revealed that the sugarbeet seed can initiate translation either through the traditional cap-dependent mechanism or by a cap-independent process. The study of the tissue specificity of the seed proteome demonstrated a compartmentalization of metabolic activity between the roots, cotyledons, and perisperm, indicating a division of metabolic tasks between the various tissues. Furthermore, the perisperm, although it is known as a dead tissue, appears to be very active biochemically, playing multiple roles in distributing sugars and various metabolites to other tissues of the embryo.) is a dicotyledonous plant of the Amaranthaceae family that has a high economic importance because it is one of the two main sources of sucrose, the other being sugarcane. Furthermore, there is growing interest in the use of this crop to produce bioethanol. The quality of seed germination has a direct impact on the final yield of the culture and is conditioned by the number of plants issued from successful germinations and by the vigor of the seedlings, i.e., the potential to produce vigorous seedlings.The seed is the main form of dissemination of plants. It results from the conversion of a fertilized egg and contains a zygotic embryo (the future plant), one or more storage tissues [a triploid albumen, cotyledon(s), and perisperm] that accumulate the compounds necessary for the embryo's nutrition during germination, and seed coats to ensure the seed's protection against biotic and abiotic stress. A specific feature of sugarbeet is that the maternal nucellus is not fully digested during maturation and gives rise to the central perisperm, in which starch reserves accumulate (1-2). For most plant species growing in temperate climates, seed development ends with a phase of intense desiccation, then the embryo enters a dormant state, allowing its survival for many years. Two phytohormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA), play key roles in seed formation, dorm...

Revisiting fertilisers and fertilisation strategies for improved nutrient uptake by plants

“…Similarly, P has been well recognised in many studies as being required for seed germination and early development of seedlings (e.g. Catusse et al 2008;Nadeem et al 2011). Thus, determining seed nutrient contents in relation to seed germination and early seedling head-start for different crops could improve future crop productivity.…”

Protein Repairl-Isoaspartyl Methyltransferase1 Is Involved in Both Seed Longevity and Germination Vigor inArabidopsis

“…Recombinant PIMT1 and PIMT2 proteins were purified using the MagneHis protein purification system according to the manufacturer's instructions (Promega). Recombinant protein purity was assessed by SDS-PAGE, stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue, and sequenced by tandem mass spectrometry by Maya Belghazi at the Centre d'Analyze Proté omique (Marseilles, France; http://www.genopole.univ-mrs.fr/capmnord/) as described by Catusse et al (2008). The peptide sequences were identical to expectation of the known Arabidopsis PIMT1 and PIMT2 coding sequences.…”

Proteomics reveals the overlapping roles of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in the acclimation of citrus plants to salinity

“…Proteins were analyzed by 2D-PAGE as described (Catusse et al, 2008) using protein samples corresponding to about 100 lg of total soluble leaf proteins. Proteins were first separated by isoelectric focusing using gel strips forming an immobilized nonlinear pH gradient from 3 to 10 (Immobiline DryStrip pH 3-10 NL, 18 cm; GE Healthcare, http://www6.gelifesciences.com), then by SDS-PAGE using 10% polyacrylamide gels (see Figure S2).…”